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Tin oxide (SnO 2) nanoparticles were synthesised using various surfactants of different charges (n-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulphate and TRITON X-100) by the co-precipitation method. The synthesised nanomaterials were characterised using different techniques to study their structural, surface morphological, optical and antibacterial activities. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of a tetragonal rutile structure in pure and surfactants-aided SnO 2 nanoparticles and the results show good agreement with JCPDS data [41-1445]. The crystallite size of SnO 2 nanoparticles was found to decrease with the addition of surfactants. Scanning electron microscopy images exhibit spherical shape morphology with an average diameter of 30-75 nm for pure and surfactants-aided SnO 2 nanoparticles. The band gap energy of the prepared materials was estimated from the UV-visible absorption spectra and a considerable increase in band gap energy was observed in surfactants-aided SnO 2 nanoparticles (3.487, 3.57, 3.50 and 3.3 eV). The antibacterial activities of the synthesised nanoparticles were studied against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

Biomaterials are used on wounds as a dressing material to prevent the infection and to heal the wounds. In this present study, pure bamboo fabric has been selected for construction of functional part of bandage, coated with natural herbs such as Azadirachta indica, Centella asiatica, and Curcuma longa by microcapsules and exhaustion method. The binding of extracts to the fabric was confirmed through FTIR and FESEM analysis at 1 µm magnification. The air-permeability of the fabricate samples shows 100 cm 3 /cm 2 /s and the bursting strength was found to be 5.5 kg/cm 2 . The extension at break and recover of fabricated material was 101% and 24% respectively. The extract coated fabric expressed good water contact angle (50.51°-58.69°) and swelling property of about 337-320% at 10 mg/ml extract concentration. All fabrics exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, the major microbes present in the wounds. The prepared dressing material had shown only 20% degradation against lysozyme enzyme with no allergic reactions. Furthermore, wound healing ability of BFC-Cl, BFC-Ai and BFC-Ca were tested on Albino Wistar rats and found that extracts coated fabric took 15 days for complete healing of wound.

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