International audienceDepletion of bioavailable silicon, Si, in paddy soils can decrease the yields of rice. A potential solution is to amend soil with Si-rich organic wastes such as manure from animals fed with rice crop residues. Here, we studied Si in soils from 2000 to 2010 field experiments without manure, with 5 and 10 years of manure, in Eastern China. Results showed that available Si in soils increased from 130 to 270 mg kg−1 after 10 years of manure amendment. This finding is explained either by direct input of available Si or by Si produced by mineralization of Si minerals. To conclude, our results show that amending soil with Si-rich manure in the long term is a solution for sustainable rice production
The effects of widely applied organic waste amendment on soil Si and P bioavailability and their interaction have rarely been investigated. The study examined bioavailability and interaction of Si and P in response to pig slurry (PS) amendment in a coastal saline (CS) soil. The final purposes of the study are to assess fertilizer Si and P needs and to ensure environmental quality. The results show that PS amendment can cause accumulation of bioavailable Si in surface soil (0-20 cm), and significantly improve both soil bioavailable P content and soil P lability through PS-Si and P input, and by the input of PS-organic matter (OM) and enhancing the complexation of OM with soil Si and P. As a result of the Si-P competitive sorption, Si shows a more rapid increase in bioavailability than P at the preliminary stage of PS amendment. However, under the weakly alkaline conditions as a result of relatively long term PS amendment, the fixation capacity of Si by soil solid components increases causing a rapider decline of Si bioavailability than that of P.
The objective of this study was to predict the potential influence of applying biogas slurry (BS) continuously for several years on soil chemical characteristics. Five kinds of Farmland which have been irrigated using BS respectively for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 years were chosen as the research objects, and soil characteristics and cabbage growth in the different farmlands were analyzed, so can to provide practical basis for scientific application of BS. The results of the experiment indicated that soil pH value enhanced, soil exchangeable H+ and exchangeable Al3+ descend by applied BS, the acid-alkali balance of soil could been easier keep stable if BS been used for more years; the contents of reductive material(RM), activity reductive material(ARM), and ratio of ARM are all increased with the age added by applied BS, so the redox balance of soil have been broken because of applied BS; Soil water-soluble K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO4
2-, HCO3
−, Cl− were been affected obviously by applied BS, the contents of water-soluble K+, Na+, Cl−, SO4
2- are all increased, and the contents of soil water-soluble Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3
− are all decreased with the age added by applied BS.
Organic inputs are believed to be able to increase soil phosphorus (P) availability. Natural fallow and pig slurry amendments are the two important organic inputs for agricultural soils. The purposes of the study are to investigate P accumulation and to compare the differences of P fractionation patterns as affected by natural fallow and pig slurry drip irrigation in a coastal saline soil. The study showed that P accumulation occurred mainly in upper soil profiles and that natural fallow or pig slurry drip irrigation alone would not significantly influence total P distribution in soil profiles. However, soil P fractionation demonstrated that, from bottom to top, bioavailable P content and percentage increased whereas residual P percentage declined. The percentage of extractable inorganic P was almost twice as much as that of extractable organic P. In comparison with natural fallow conditions, under pig slurry drip-irrigation conditions, the transformation efficiency of superphosphate fertilizer HCl P i into residual P was lower whereas the transformation efficiency of superphosphate fertilizer HCl P i into bioavailable P was higher. The higher bioavailable P percentage and lower average C org /P ratio in a long-term pig slurry drip-irrigation plot than those in other plots indicated that long-term pig slurry drip-irrigation was more efficient in improving soil P availability than natural fallow and short-term pig slurry drip irrigation.
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