This study was done prospectively over 50 admitted patients in the department of Neurosurgery, BSMMU from July'05 to June'06. Age range was 19-70 years, majority of them was male (76%), 24% was female, male: female was 3.17:1. Predominant occupation was manual labor (42%), sedentary workers 24%, housewives 26% and students 04%. Out 50 patients 72% had right convexity and 28% had left convexity of the lumbosacral spine. Regarding lumbar lordosis 72% had straightened, 24% had maintained and the remaining had reversed curve. Others X-ray findings were narrowing of interverteral disc spaces (76%), osteophytes (52%), narrowing of intervertebral foramina (46%), sacralization (10%), and listhesis(10%). Out of that 57% had right sided prolapse and 38% had left and 5% had central. The percentages of disc displace at one or two lowers grouped in the study as either a disc bulge is disc protrusion is 58%. Disc bulge is more common than protrusion in this study with a prevalence of 42% compared to rest and the prevalence increases progressively caudally with the greatest number at L5/S1 level. DOI: 10.3329/medtoday.v22i1.5597 Medicine Today Vol.22(1) 2010.6-11
The search for non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches for the treatment of cancer has led to the development of different therapeutic regimes and one such regime is photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is a non-thermal treatment based on the synergy of three elements: the administration of a photosensitizer drug; light at a precise wavelength; and the presence of oxygen. When these three components are combined, they lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in a complex cascade of events and subsequent cell death Studies revealed that PDT can prolong survival in patients with inoperable cancers and significantly improve the quality of life. With a number of recent technological improvements, PDT has the potential to become integrated into the mainstream strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we have addressed the most important biological and physicochemical aspects of PDT, summarized its clinical status and provided an outlook for its potential future development. We also discussed the factors that hamper the exploration of this effective therapy and what should be changed to render it a more effective and more widely available option for patients.
To review the surgical approaches, techniques, outcomes, and recurrence rates in a series of 6 olfactory groove meningioma (OGM) patients operated from January 2010 to April 2011.Methods: Six patients underwent craniotomy and micro-neurosurgical removal of olfactory groove meningioma maximum. Tumor diameter varied from 5 to 8.5 cm among six cases, 2 cases underwent glabellar mini craniotomy another 2 by bifrontal approach and rest of them were by frontolateral approach. Result: Total removal was possible in all cases. Histopathology revealed typical meningioma (WHO grade 1). there was no operative mortality and no permanent focal neurological deficit except anosmia. One patient developed leak and two cases meningitis which was resolved by lumber drain and antibiotic therapy. No tumor recurrence within six months of followup. For the removal of large olfactory groove meningiomas we used three different surgical approaches: frontolateral approaches, bifrontal approach and glabellar mini craniotomy. We consider the frontolateral approach is an alternative, if not superior, to standard bifrontal approaches. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v24i1.13942 Medicine TODAY Vol.24(1) 2012 pp.5-7
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