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This paper examines the short-run and long-run relationships between an ageing population and economic growth in Bangladesh using time series data for the period between 1972-2015. We employed a bivariate endogenous growth model to investigate the relationship between the population aged 65 years and above and per capita gross domestic product (GDP).The study found that there is a long-run positive relationship between the ageing population and per capita real GDP. The relationship runs from an ageing population to per capita real GDP, given that there is an increasing capital formation process in the economy. Therefore, the elderly population is not a matter of concern for Bangladesh as long as per capita capital formation has been greater than that of per capita ageing population.

This paper examines the causal effect of household access to broadband Internet on individuals' labour market outcomes in an Australian rural and regional context. This study uses the survey data of 391 households randomly selected from the Western Downs Region of Queensland, Australia, and employs the propensity score matching technique to make causal inferences. This study also controls selection bias issues -an aspect which has been overlooked in previous studies.This study found that the causal effect of household access to broadband Internet on individuals' labour force outcomes is not statistically significant. This finding can add value to our knowledge of the causal relationship between broadband access and labour force participation. As the rollout of a high-speed broadband network in rural and regional Australia is currently underway, the finding can be considered a benchmark for subsequent assessment of the effects of such infrastructure development on socio-economic outcomes.

In the literature of higher education cost function study, enough knowledge is created in the area of economy scale in the context of developed countries but the knowledge of input demand is lacking. On the other hand, empirical knowledge in the context of developing countries is very meagre. The paper fills up the knowledge gap, estimating a quadratic cost frontier for the public universities in Bangladesh and thereby analysing economies of scale, economies of scope and input demand choice. The study is based on the panel data for Year 2002 show that there are economies of scale up to 350% of the mean output level in the public university, and the critical value of cost-minimizing demand for factor input labour is 48%. The paper shows that an economy of scale has relative advantage over cost-minimizing input choice in minimizing average production cost in the public university.