The kinetics of reaction of amino alcohols viz. 2-aminoethanol, 3-aminopropanol, and triethanolamine with chloramine-T have been studied in perchloric acid medium with palladous chloride as catalyst. The formation of {Pd(II)-(aminoalcohol)} and {Pd(II)-(aminoalcoho1)2) complexes and resistance of {Pd(II)-(aminoalcohol)z} complex to react with chloramine-T have been observed. A suitable mechanism consistent with the kinetic data is proposed and discussed.
The kinetics of the decomposition of murexide in acid solutions were investigated spectrophotometrically by following the absorption at λ=530 mμ. The optical density of murexide at λ= 530 mμ which obeyed Beer's law, decreased irreversibly with time, following a first order law. The corresponding rate constant k, was dependent upon the concentration (C) of the strong acids like HCl, HBr, HNO3, etc. and followed a relationship: k/min-1 = 2.56·10-3·C. k was also dependent upon the concentration of murexide. The effect of neutral salts on k showed that in accord with the data obtained with different acids, the anions of the acids or salts had no significant role in the mechanism responsible for the decomposition of murexide. A hypothesis referring to the formation of an intermediate complex (electrically uncharged in character) which decomposed unimolecularly to give the products, uramil and alloxan, was put forward.
Micron-sized nonporous silicon carbide
(SiC) powder of the spent
heating elements of a graphite furnace were used as the common precursor
of two different forms of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) synthesized
by chlorination at different temperatures: (1) graphitic and (2) amorphous
Si-CDCs. Whereas the former material having high electroconductivity
was used as an efficient electrode of a microbial fuel cell (MFC),
the latter material having high specific surface area was used as
an efficient adsorbent for aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The
MFCs generated a significantly high maximum power density of ∼1570
± 30 mW/m2 and open circuit potential of ∼460
± 5 mV. The adsorbents exhibited a significantly large adsorption
capacity of ∼95 ± 5 mg/g. This study has developed for
the first time two types of Si-CDCs having different physicochemical
characteristics, from the common SiC precursor via the facile route
of different temperature conditions, for bioelectricity generation
and environmental remediation applications.
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