Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and early detection can significantly decrease the associated mortality rate. Different kinds of segmentation methods were applied to extract regions of interest from breast cancer images that are necessary to improve the classification. In this paper, a segmentation method for breast cancer from thermal images is introduced based on a proposed Chaotic Salp Swarm Algorithm (CSSA). Although the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) shows superiority in singleobjective optimization problems, it suffers from a low convergence rate and local optima stagnation. In the proposed method, a segmentation algorithm is formulated using the quick-shift method for superpixels extraction whose parameters are optimized by CSSA. The quick-shift method generates compact and nearly uniform superpixels by clustering the breast thermal image pixels. CSSA algorithm is developed based on ten chaotic maps to enhance the original SSA convergence rate while accuracy could be improved by controlling the balance between exploration and exploitation. The proposed algorithm is applied to realworld thermal images for the breast area. The results demonstrate that the proposed CSSA algorithm achieves fast convergence for the unimodal benchmark functions and outperforms the original SSA algorithm. Moreover, a dataset from Mastology Research with Infrared Image (DMR-IR) is used to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. In experiments, the proposed optimized segmentation algorithm extracts the breast area from the background accurately where the region of interest is focused on the breast area and removes the unwanted area such as underarms and stomach which intern can enhance the results of cancer detection. Furthermore, the proposed algorithms achieve robustness for the segmentation of different healthy and unhealthy cases images compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Background: Pregnancy is the most pleasant and delicate time in a woman's life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation exercise on the first trimester nausea among primigravida women. Methods: a quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study. The current study was conducted at the Antenatal Outpatient Clinic of Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt. A non-probability purposive sample of 132 primigravida women in their first trimester was assigned to either the control group, which received regular antenatal care or the PMR group which conducted Progressive Muscle Relaxation exercise. A structured interview questionnaire schedule, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Likert Scale were utilized for data collection. Results: At the baseline assessment there was no statistical significant difference in VAS nausea scores between subjects in the control and PMR groups, a high statistical significant differences were found among the subjects from both groups at the 7 th day after PMR exercising, in which, about 47% of the subjects in the control group had severe nausea compared to 0% subjects in PMR group (P <0.001), the frequency of nausea at the 7 th day was decreased to be less than twice per day in about 54.5% of subjects in PMR group compared to 12.1% in control group (P <0.001), the majority of subjects were highly satisfied with PMR exercise as a convenient method to relieve nausea related to pregnancy. Conclusion: There was a statistical significant decrease in nausea severity and frequency in the PMR group compared to the control group with higher satisfaction with PMR exercise as convenient and simple method for reliving of nausea among primigravida women. Recommendations: The current study recommended that, progressive muscle relaxation exercise should be integrated into nursing care practices that relief nausea among pregnant women.
Based on the crucial pathogenic role of inflammation for the progress of hepatic disorders, we hypothesized that the soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R, also known as s CD25) would be a sign of inflammatory cell activation and disease severity in people with chronic liver diseases (CLD). Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate soluble CD25 as a possible indicator of immune cell activation in CLD and acute liver diseases in a group of pediatric Egyptian patients. Methodology: This study was a case control study that included 120 children presented with liver disease aged 2 month-15 years and 60 unrelated healthy controls. The patients were recruited from Pediatric Hepatology Clinic, Beni-Suef University. All children were subjected to history taking, full clinical examination, laboratory tests (CBC, GGT, ALP, AST, ALT, serum albumin, PT, PC, PTT, INR and Soluble CD25 level). Results: Children with chronic liver disease with fibrosis had serum sIL-2R levels that were considerably lower (19.16±12.33 ng/ml) than children with acute liver disease (27.65±14.19 ng/ml) (p=0.036) and controls (29.23±13.20 ng/ml) (p=0.008). Children with chronic liver disease without fibrosis had a mean CD25 level of (23.33±16.31 ng/ml), which was not statistically different from other groups (p=0.655). Conclusions: further research is needed to clarify the role of sCD25 as an immunological marker to predict the occurrence of liver fibrosis in pediatric hepatic disorders and to differentiate between acute & chronic hepatic disorders.
Study aim was to assess woman's satisfaction with vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) and caesarean section after vaginal birth (CSAVD). Methods: A descriptive study was carried out at Postpartum Inpatient Ward and Labor and Delivery Unit of Mansoura University Hospital on 60 postpartum women, thirty of them had vaginal birth after a previous cesarean section and thirty had a cesarean section after vaginal birth. Their age ranged between 20 to 35 years, can read and write, and delivered a single full term live neonate. Two tools were used for data collection; a structured interview questionnaire to assess woman's general characteristics and Mackey scale to assess woman's childbirth satisfaction Results: Most of women (93.3%) in the VBAC group were satisfied with their childbirth experience compared to 43.3% in the CSAVD group (p<0.001, X2 =18.266). Conclusion: Most women in the VBAC group were more satisfied with their childbirth experience compared to those in the CSAVD group. Recommendation: The maternity hospitals should encourage obstetricians and maternity nurses to counsel women with a previous CS to undergo VBAC trial in absence of contraindications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.