The current study aimed to assess the relationship of loneliness and social isolation with self-care ability (SCA) among older adults. Participants were 170 older adults randomly recruited from seven urban health care centers in Gonbad Kavus, Iran. Data were collected using a personal characteristics questionnaire, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, and Self-Care Ability Questionnaire for the Elderly. Findings showed that 72.9% of participants reported mild loneliness and 2.4% reported severe loneliness. Mean scores of participants' loneliness, social isolation, and SCA were 29.91 ( SD = 11.22), 18.57 ( SD = 4.97), and 146.39 ( SD = 7.62), respectively. Mean SCA score had a significant inverse relationship with mean loneliness score (β = −0.368; p < 0.0001) and a significant direct relationship with mean social isolation score (β = 0.726; p < 0.0001). Current findings can be used to develop interventions for reducing loneliness and social isolation and improving SCA among older adults. [ Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59 (1), 15–20.]
Acquired knowledge provides one with intuitive rationality as a means of achieving a goal. Spiritual, ethical and esthetic competencies are also required for acquiring intuitive rationality. Nurses pay less attention to intuitive rationality, think only with their brain rather than observe with their heart and therefore deprive themselves of proper, immediate and comprehensive cognition of their environment. An initiative to harmonize sensory receptors in charge of thinking, speaking, and acting in nurses is required for establishing a symphonic intellectual, spiritual, ethical, and aesthetic (I SEA) nursing practice. The present research was conducted to clarify the concept of four‐season symphony of I SEA in nursing practice. The present study was conducted by employing Wilson's method of concept analysis and searching databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, SID, and Magiran using symphony, rationality, intellectuality, spirituality, ethics, aesthetic, and nursing practice as keywords. According to the integrated concept of the four‐season symphony in nursing care, nursing practice refers to performing the symphonic action of four seasons of I SEA in orderly and smart thinking, speaking and acting in looking, listening, speaking, heartfelt sympathy and using the hands for caregiving and steps for accompanying patients. This symphony provides an opportunity for the emergence of perfect nurses of four seasons and helps with individual and organizational symphonic improvements in nursing care and nurses. According to this perspective, nurses should always ask themselves whether their thought, speech, and action are intellectual, spiritual, ethical and aesthetic.
Background and Purpose: The reality of death is a source of concern for humans. Managing issues associated with preparation for the inevitability of death may contribute to onset of death depression for aging individuals. The study purpose was to clarify the death depression concept in older adults including relevant features, antecedents, and consequences to further nursing knowledge development.Methods: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was performed using the following steps: determination of concept and appropriate scope; collection of data for identifying concept attributes, antecedents, and consequences; and evaluation of relevant and alternative concepts for further clarification. A search for articles published between 1995 and 2020 relevant to death depression in older adults was conducted in the databases PubMed, Ovid, ProQuest, CINAHL and Persian databases SID and Magiran. Fifty-three articles met the inclusion criteria and final sampling. Findings were reviewed by two independent researchers familiar with the field.Result: Based on the study findings, death depression is characterized by cognitive, affective, and behavioral attributes. Antecedents of death depression include: health concerns associated with aging such as life-limiting or psychiatric illnesses; loneliness and loss perceptions related to social relationships; socio-cultural context; identity issues; and environmental changes. Consequences of death depression include negative adjustment in later life and the potential for adaptation.Implications for Practice: Death depression in older adults may contribute to adverse mental health sequelae. Therefore, assessment for ruminative death cognitions in older adults may lead to interventions that help prevent the onset of death depression. This study provides a foundation for further research, and it contributes to the development of nursing knowledge via concept clarification.
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