Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are public health burden worldwide. NDD causes disabilities and reduces the quality of life. Perinatal factors like maternal age, stress, maternal physical illnesses, birth complications, preterm birth, low birth weight and neonatal infections are the important risk factors for NDD. The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion of perinatal factors among children with neurodevelopmental disorders attending tertiary care hospitals in Dhaka city. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient department of National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka and Institute of Paediatric Neurodisorder and Autism (IPNA), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January 2017 to July 2018. Among 115 children with NDD aged 0-17 years satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria who were conveniently selected as sample. After diagnosing NDD using DSM- 5 criteria by psychiatrists and paediatric neurologists, a semi structured questionnaire was applied by researcher herself that included socio-demographic and perinatal factors as well. Results showed that majority of the respondents (29.6%) were 5-8 years with male predominance (78.3%). The most common perinatal factors were maternal factors like maternal stress (68.7%), maternal physical illness (66.1 %), inadequate food/rest intake (53.9%) and inadequate weight gain during pregnancy (50.4%). Fetal and neonatal factors like birth complication (82.6%), preterm birth (80%), low birth weight (75.6%), neonatal illness (69.6%) and birth asphyxia (61.7%). Most common neonatal illness were pneumonia (30.0 %) followed by neonatal Jaundice (20%). Early identification of possible perinatal factors and providing safe perinatal period can give a positive impact in prevention of NDD in children. Bang J Psychiatry 2018;32(2): 26-31
Introduction: Neonatal septicemia is one of the most common causes of infection and mortality in neonates, due to which 30–50% of neonates die each year in developing nations. Various studies have suggested that bacteremia occurs in 20% of neonates, and approximately 1% die due to neonatal sepsis. It affects newborns below 1 month of age and encompasses systemic infections including meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, osteomyelitis and urinary tract infections. Objective: To assess the Bacteriological profile of neonatal septicaemia and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates admitted in SCANU of a tertiary levels hospital of North Bengal, Bangladesh. Methods: A prospective study was conducted including 50 suspected cases of septicemia admitted to the Special Care Neonatal Unit (SCANU) of the selected Department of Paediatrics, TMSS Medical College, Bogura Bangladesh July to December 2022. Demographic data included birth weight, gestational age, postnatal age, and treatment as well as survival outcome. Clinical and laboratory data included the number of days between birth and admission to the SCANU, admitting and discharge diagnoses, and pharmacological treatment. Data was analysed by percentages of each antibiotic used. And which organism was responsible for neonatal sepsis. Results: Total 50 cases clinically suspected neonatal sepsis were included in the study. The mean age was 8.33±7.36 days, mean birth weight was 2816.25±288.6gm, male were predominant which was 70%. Among gestational age of the Neonates having septicemia Preterm (<37) 66% and Term (37 up to 42) 36%. Out of the 50 proven sepsis cases, 36 cases (72%) were early onset and 14 cases (28%) were late onset. In this study out of 50 cases 16 cases were culture positive septicemia which was 32%. Gram negative organism were predominant with 10 isolates (62.5%) in comparison to gram-positive 6 (37.5%) isolates was the most common S. aureus (25.0%) and E. coli (12.5%) among the organism isolated. Other organisms isolated were Staphylococcus Pneumoniae (6.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18.7%), Proteus (18.7%), Listeria species (6.3%), Pseudomonas (6.3%), and Enterococci (6.3%). In this study, Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism isolated from both EOS (20%) and LOS (33.3%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (10% & 33.3%). Amoxiclave is highly sensitive to S. aureus & E. coli. In this study, vancomycin showed 25.0% sensitivity to S. aureus but for Nitrofurantoin it was only 33.3%. The Listeria species isolates here were 100% sensitive to meropenum. In our study, ciprofloxacin showed 33.3% to 100% sensitivity to different isolates. Conclusion: In the present study, high bacterial resistance among the pathogens suspected to cause neonatal septicemia is demonstrated which can be controlled by prudent use of available antibiotics. This study suggests regular monitoring of the antimicrobial sensitivity of the causative organisms in a particular setting is very important.
Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most frequent sexual complaint of men. It may develop not only due to psychiatric disorders but also due to many chronic organic illnesses. Coronary artery stenting is an invasive procedure to manage coronary artery disease which is one of the leading chronic illnesses all over the world. Patients who survive from coronary artery diseases by getting invasive cardiac procedures, often develop reduced sexual function. The aim of the study was to identify the frequency of premature ejaculation among post coronary artery stenting patients. This was a descriptive, cross sectional study conducted in cardiology outpatient department (OPD) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and cardiology OPD of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) from October 2017 to September 2018. 153 patients were selected purposively. After taking written consent a predetermined questionnaire containing 11 socio-demographic variables was filled for each patient through face to face interview. After that PEDT bangle version was applied.37.25% post coronary artery stenting male scored 11 or more and were identified as highly suggestive to have PE. Among the socio-demographic variables, Regular exercise, amount of sleep per day, smoking and history of chronic physical illness were found to be significantly associated with PE among post coronary artery stenting patients. The study showed that the patients who practiced a disciplined and healthy lifestyle were not in risk. The research findings may help us for the early diagnosis and better treatment plan to reduce patient sufferings. Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 9-13
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