There is no data on patients with severe obesity who developed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after bariatric surgery. Four gastric bypass operations, performed in a 2-week period between Feb 24 and March 4, 2020, in Tehran, Iran, were complicated with COVID-19. The mean age and body mass index were 46 ± 12 years and 49 ± 3 kg/m 2 . Patients developed their symptoms (fever, cough, dyspnea, and fatigue) 1, 2, 4, and 14 days after surgery. One patient had unnoticed anosmia 2 days before surgery. Three patients were readmitted in hospital. All 4 patients were treated with hydroxychloroquine. In two patients who required admission in intensive care unit, other off-label therapies including antiretroviral and immunosuppressive agents were also administered. All patients survived. In conclusion, COVID-19 can complicate the postoperative course of patients after bariatric surgery. Correct diagnosis and management in the postoperative setting would be challenging. Timing of infection after surgery in our series would raise the possibility of hospital transmission of COVID-19: from asymptomatic patients at the time of bariatric surgery to the healthcare workers versus acquiring the COVID-19 infection by non-infected patients in the perioperative period.

Separating markets precisely and applying marketing programs proportional to the known sections is one of the most important success tools in competitive markets. Having 24 million young people aged 15-29 (32% of total population), Iran has a young demographic structure. Concerning this demographic structure, exact recognition of CDMS of Iranian young consumers is of great importance for salespeople. Thus, this research seeks to study decision-making styles among students of shahidbeheshti university of Tehran. To validate fundamental features of these styles among Iranian young people, the CSI Model presented by Sproles and Kendal (1986)

In this article, the relationship between marketing strategy and the marketing capability of three categories of business performance – overall, financial and non-financial – has been investigated using a questionnaire including 30 parameters. The acceptable Cronbach's α in the questionnaire is considered to be 0.80. The multiple regression tests indicate that marketing strategy has no effect on the overall performance (β= 0.001; t = 0.005), whereas it shows a positive effect on non-financial performance (β = 0.412; t = 3.067), and a negative effect on financial performance (β= − 0.293; t = − 2.081). The results also indicate that marketing capability has positive effects on all three investigated categories, that is, the overall performance (β = 0.727; t = 5.680), the non-financial performance (β = 0.481; t = 3.580) and the financial performance (β = 0.649; t = 4.612).

This study aims to identify effective factors on satisfaction in e-malls and evaluating merchants` satisfaction from performance of these e-malls. A sequential mixed methods research design (qualQuan) was used in this study. In qualitative phase, two focus groups were used. In this step, conceptual and exploratory content analyses were used. Based on these analyses, authors identified 32 factors. In quantitative phase, a 39-items questionnaire was designed. Data gathered from 123 merchants of an Iranian famous e-mall. Results showed three of four main categories of merchants wants (market, contract and service) are important to merchants but the technical category is not recognized as an important factor. Results also showed that degree of importance for all categories is greater than degree of satisfaction from e-mall. This research has studied e-mall as one of the interesting and less known models in e-commerce and effective factors on satisfaction in these models.

This study aims to investigate the effect of perceived quality on foreign brand trust and the moderating role of consumer ethnocentrism and negative subjective norms on foreign brand trust. A self-report survey of 170 Iranian home appliances shoppers was administrated. The results showed that perceived quality has a positive direct effect on foreign brand trust (β=0.623, t= 9.8) but consumer ethnocentrism and negative subjective norms have no significant effect on perceived quality. The analysis also indicated that consumer ethnocentrism and negative subjective norms moderate the relationship between perceived quality and foreign brand trust negatively, respectively (β=-0.229, t= -2.39; β=-0.131, t= -2.04).