These examples may seem similar, but they are dealt with differently and have different names in the literature. The first one is an example of "Topicalization" (TOP), while the second one is called "Left-Dislocation" (LD). Both of these examples feature an argument in a non-canonical, left-peripheral position. The major difference between the two is that in topicalization, the canonical position of the fronted constituent is empty (or, from a transformationalist viewpoint, occupied by a trace), whereas in LD, it is filled with a coreferential resumptive pronoun (Birner & Ward, 1998).The role of information structure, especially LD and TOP in the comprehension of reading is undeniable. These structures involve the syntax/discourse interface and thereby their study can provide answers to questions about their impact on comprehension. The present study therefore searches for the Mahdi Mardani et al.
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