Objective: Learning styles are important in the learning process so that students can learn in shorter time according to their preferred style. The objective of this study is to observe ideal preferred learning style among medical students and the association of the academic year with the preferred learning style. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Central Park Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan from September 2021 to December 2021. Methodology: VARK learning approach was used to identify the ideal learning style. The data was collected using systematic sampling from 148 medical students. The frequency distribution of various preferences of the students was given. Distribution of gender and academic year across their ideal learning style was observed. The association of categorical factors with preferred style was tested using Chi-square test with a level of significance of 5%. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Results: About 64.8% of the students who participated in the study were female. Nearly 44.6% of the students liked the single modal learning style. Approximately 58% of students prefer K-learning style. Reading was seen as least popular single modal. About 7.4%% of the students liked quad/ multi-modal learning styles. Conclusion: The most preferred learning style among students was the single learning style. Among single learning styles most of the students preferred kinesthetic followed by aural. The least preferred learning style was found to be quad-modal. Gender and academic year were significant associated factors for preferred learning style.
Objectives: This study aims to identify the common factors that contribute towards uncertainty in decision making in undergraduate medical students and highlights the strategies that can be used to reduce this uncertainty. Study Design: Qualitative Study. Setting: Riphah International University, Avicenna Medical and Dental College, Lahore. Period: July 2020 to September 2020. Material & Methods: Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 26 participants (2 with faculty members, 2 with final year students). Data was transcribed and analyzed using ATLAS. ti software. Thematic analysis was done. Results: Two main themes were identified: faculty related and student related reasons and strategies. The most common reason for uncertainty in decision making was a lack of knowledge while the most common strategy to reduce this uncertainty was increased patient exposure and enhancing medical knowledge. Conclusion: Uncertainty is ingrained in medical education and is commonly experienced by medical students during their interaction with patients. It is essential to identify the reasons that contribute to this uncertainty in decision making and highlight strategies that reduce it in order to foster competent and confident physicians.
ABSTRACT Objectives: There is a discrepancy between the theory and practice in the academic culture in the medical schools in Pakistan. The overall academic culture and educational armamentarium in Pakistani medical colleges is outdated and is teacher and administration centric. This scoping review is done to highlight these discrepancies and to shed light on problems faced in the academic culture of medical colleges. Methods: Out of the 98 studies identified relevant to the topic, 27 studies were included in this scoping review. These studies were obtained from PubMed, ERIC and Google Scholar. This review was supported by framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Results: The scoping review highlighted that the students responded well to clear study objectives, practical application of knowledge over memorization, interactive nature of the teachers and a comfortable and properly equipped learning environment. The absence of aforementioned amenities and facilities enabled poor results, high stress in students and overall low academic performances of medical colleges. Along with that a lack of formal training of teachers and a passive participation of students in research opportunities were also displayed. Conclusion: The academic culture in Pakistan’s medical and dental colleges display a lack of modern and innovative learning and teaching facilities, which has a negative impact on student performance and growth. A collaborative approach, with active participation from all stakeholders involved can curb a lot of these problems, given proper funding and good leadership.
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