Obesity is a global health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic strategies include synthetic drugs and surgery, which may entail high costs and serious complications. Orlistat is a pancreatic lipase inhibitor licensed for the treatment of obesity. The current study was carried out to elucidate the modulating effect of Orlistat against obesity-induced kidney toxicity in female rats. A total of 50 female rats were divided into five groups (G1, Control; G2, Orlistat; G3, Obesity; G4, Co-treated Orlistat with Obesity; G5, Post-treated Obesity with Orlistat rat group). The current study revealed that a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, while a significant decrease in the levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride ions levels in treated rats with Orlistat while a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and chloride ions levels in obesity group when compared with a control group. In contrast; a significant decrease in serum urea, Creatinine, sodium, potassium, and chloride ions levels in treated obese rats with Orlistat when compared with the obesity group. So; Orlistat-induced renal toxicity when used for the treatment of obesity and self-recovered obese rats is safe and better than the use of Orlistat in the treatment of obesity.
Thioacetamide (TAA), well-known as a toxic agent and has been reported to be nephrotoxic due to oxidative stress induction and proinflammatory markers increase. Curcumin has been shown in various studies to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of curcumin against TAA-induced kidney toxicity in rats. In this study, 28 male albino rats were used, and kidney toxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of TAA at a dose of 200mg/kg, twice a week for 8 weeks then the rats were treated with curcumin at a dose of 200mg/kg, orally, daily for 2 weeks. Kidney functions in all the experimental groups as well as oxidative stress (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. In addition, DNA damage and the expression status of both proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were evaluated. Further, light microscopic studies were performed on kidney specimens. Our results demonstrated that TAA had a nephrotoxic effect, as evidenced by significantly increase in kidney functions as well as substantially increase in renal MDA associated with reduction in CAT and SOD antioxidant enzymes compared to control group. The administration of curcumin ameliorates the oxidative stress and upregulate the antioxidant parameters. Further, a signification increases in DNA damage, TNFα, and PCNA expression was seen in TAA-group which was then alleviated by curcumin treatment. In conclusion, the ameliorative effect of curcumin could be attributed to its ability to minimize oxidative stress, renal cell injury, and cytokine release.
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