Objective: Examine the prevalence of common bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility in individuals with urinary tract infections caused by indwelling catheters. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive research. Place and Duration of study: From January 30, 2021, to July 29, 2021, researchers from the Department of Medicine at Muhammad Teaching Hospital in Peshawar, collected data for this study. Materials and Methods: The proportion of patients with Enterococcus spp. urinary tract infections2 was 5.4%, with a 95% confidence interval and a 3.5% margin of error using WHO software, and they monitored 179 individuals. In addition, a non-probabilistic sampling method based on a sequence of samples was applied. Results: Based on our data, the median age was 47 years old (with a standard deviation of ±2.15), and 33% of our participants were male and 67% were female. Escherichia coli was detected in 37% of patients with catheter linked urinary tract infection, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 18%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 16%, Klebsiella pneumonia in 20%, Proteus mirabilis in 3%, and Enterococcus in 6%. Conclusion: Escherichia coli (37%) was the most prevalent bacterium found in catheter-associated urinary tract infections, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (20%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (18%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16 percent). Keywords: Infection of the urinary tract caused by a catheter, urinary catheterization, CAUTI. E. coli, microorganisms, antibiotics, and infectious diseases.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of urological carcinomas in patients with gross haematuria. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration : Department of Urology, PIMS Islamabad, from December, 2021 to May, 2022. Methods: There were one hundred and forty five patients with ages 20-55 years were presented in this study. All the included patients had blood in urine. After receiving informed written permission, detailed demographic information about the recruited patients, including age, gender, body mass index, and causes of haematuria, was compiled. Urine cytology and microscopy were used to rule out the presence of malignant cells in haematuria. Every time a cystoscopy or computed tomography (CT) scan was needed to monitor the health of our patients, we sent them for an ultrasound. Frequency of urological carcinomas was calculated. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze all of the data in the study. Results: There were 90 (62.1%) males and 55 (37.9%) females in our study. Mean age of the patients was 41.8±5.54 years with mean BMI 24.5±4.76 kg/m2. 80 (55.2%) patients were literate. Most common cause was urinary tract infection found in 50 (34.5%) cases, trauma in 45 (31.03%), urolithiasis in 30 (20.7%) cases and smoking in 20 (13.8%) patients. Prevalence of urological carcinoma was found in 27 (18.6%) cases. Conclusion: We found a significant incidence of urological carcinomas in our research. Gross haematuria was most often caused by urinary tract infection or trauma. Keywords: Urological carcinomas, Gross haematuria, Urinary tract infection
Objective: The aim of current study is to determine the causes, symptoms of penile fracture and post-operative outcomes. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at multi centers at DHQ Teaching Hospital, KDA, Kohat and DHQ Hospital Batkhela during the period from February, 2022 to July, 2022. Methods: Total 30 patients had penile fracture were presented in this study. Included cases were aged between 20-50 years. After receiving informed written permission, detailed demographic information about the enrolled patients was compiled, including age, body mass index, place of residence, and marriage status. Causes and clinical features of fracture were assessed. Patients were underwent for surgery and success rate was observed. Post-treatment rate of complications among enrolled cases were also calculated. We used SPSS 22.0 version to analyze complete data Results: Included patients had mean age 35.7±12.32 years with mean BMI 24.7±4.31 kg/m2. Majority of the cases were married 26 (86.7%) and rest were unmarried 4 (13.3%). 12 (40%) patients had urban residency and majority were had rural 18 (60%). Most common cause of fracture was coital 20 (66.7%), followed by masturbation in 6 (20%) and 4 (13.3%) patients had manipulation during sleep. Deformity, swelling, detumescence and crackling sound was the most common symptoms. Right corpus was the most common tunical tear 24 (80%) and most common site was proximal 22 (73.3%). Success rate was found among 26 (86.7%) cases. Post-operatively complications were found among 5 (16.7%) cases in which plaques/ nodules, curvature, erectile dysfunction, pain and swelling were included. Conclusion: For the purposes of this study, we found the penis fracture to be a rather simple condition to diagnose. Cavernosography may be used to confirm a diagnosis if necessary. Penile fractures may be successfully treated with immediate primary surgical repair, resulting in normal erection without substantial sequelae. Short hospital stays and fast restoration of sexual function are common outcomes of this procedure. Keywords: Surgical Outcomes, Penile Fracture, Complications, Causes
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