Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between macular thickness and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) in Malay subjects. Methods: Sixty-three subjects (aged 19-24 years) with a mean SER of -1.79 Ϯ 2.24 D, mean axial length of 24.26 Ϯ 1.35 mm and mean vitreous chamber depth of 17.02 Ϯ 1.33 mm were included in this clinical cross-sectional study. Stratus optical coherence tomography (Time Domain optical coherence tomography) was used to determine the thickness of the outer macular (perifovea) and inner macular (parafovea) at four different locations, that is, temporal, superior, nasal and inferior quadrants and also the fovea itself. Results: Positive correlations were found between the outer macular (perifovea) thickness and SER at the temporal (R = 0.47, p < 0.05), superior (R = 0.36, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = 0.31, p < 0.05) quadrants. Foveal thickness was also positively correlated with AL (R = 0.34, p < 0.05) and VCD (R = 0.32, p < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between outer macular thickness and axial length at the temporal (R = -0.46, p < 0.05), superior (R = -0.27, p < 0.05), nasal (R = -0.25, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = -0.36, p < 0.05) quadrants. Negative correlations were also found between outer macular thickness and VCD at the temporal (R = -0.51, p < 0.05), superior (R = -0.32, p < 0.05), nasal (R = -0.31, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = -0.40, p < 0.05) quadrants. Conclusions: This study shows that the degree of myopia and elongation of the globe are associated with thinning of most areas of the perifovea. A trend for foveal thickening in the high myopia group is also inferred, although this does not apply to the low and moderate myopia groups.
Hitherto, the eye modelling is based on the emmetropic eye taken its ocular optical components value from the population-based studies. However, no studies have been done to study the effect of aberration of myopic refractive error by modelling the eye using the parameters from ocular biometrics and ray tracing method. This study aimed to determine the modulation transfer function (MTF) of myopic refractive error using eye modelling and ray tracing technique. Three eye models had been successfully modelled in Zemax software, namely, emmetropic Liou and Brennan, myopic Liou and Brennan, corrected myopic Liou and Brennan. The optical performance of the eye models were tested using the MTF. From the MTF analysis at 100 cycles/mm, the MTF value of both tangential and sagittal rays for myopic Liou and Brennan eye was the lowest compared to its emmetropic model. Also, the MTF value of the corrected myopic Liou and Brennan model was higher compared to the uncorrected myopic model. However, the corrected myopic model produced lower MTF values for both tangential and sagittal MTF compared with the emmetropic model of Liou and Brennan. In this study, the accuracy of the MTF for myopia correction and emmetropia were calculated. It was found that the accuracy of the MTF value for corrected myopia at tangential and sagittal rays was lower.
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