Candi Borobudur merupakan salah satu warisan budaya masa lampau yang sudah ditetapkan oleh UNESCO sebagai Warisan Dunia. Upaya pelestarian Candi Borobudur sebagai salah satu Warisan Dunia (World Heritage) terus dilakukan oleh para pelestari, salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan perekaman secara digital dalam bentuk model 3D (tiga dimensi). Data - data yang disampaikan dalam kajian ini merupakan hasil survey yang terdiri dari (i) survey pemotretan udara menggunakan WUNA (wahana udara nir-awak), (ii) survey pemotretan terestris, (iii) survey terestris menggunakan sensor aktif laser scanner, dan (iv) survey GPS (Global Positioning System) teliti. Kamera yang digunakan dalam pemotretan udara maupun terestris adalah kamera digital format kecil non-metrik yang mempunyai karakteristik parameter orientasi dalam, seperti panjang fokus dan distorsi lensa, yang tidak stabil, sedangkan untuk pemotretan bagian candi yang sulit diambil dari udara seperti patung, relief dan stupa, digunakan teknik foto terestris rentang dekat yang mempunyai prinsip sama dengan teknik foto udara. Salah satu tantangan dalam pengolahan data hasil kajian ini adalah bagaimana teknik Fotogrametri Digital memungkinkan penggabungan keseluruhan foto yang diambil dengan data hasil survey GPS teliti sebagai titik kontrol dan memberi koordinat global pada model 3D yang dihasilkan. Penggabungan tersebut mempunyai tujuan untuk menghasilkan model 3D dengan ragam tingkat kedetilan (Multilevel of Detail). Beberapa objek dengan tingkat kedetilan tinggi, seperti patung, relief dan stupa, dibandingkan dengan model yang dihasilkan dari sensor aktif laser scanner. Setelah untuk analisis lebih lanjut. Kerangka kerja internasional untuk pemodelan kota 3D khususnya obyek Warisan.
Abstract. Buildings are an important focus that needs to be modeled in three-dimensional (3D) city model. 3D models of buildings can be used to assist the construction and maintenance of cities. Currently there are many technologies that can be used to manage data and information from buildings or cities, such as Geographical Information System (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM). GIS is good for managing data areas or regions, while BIM is good for managing building data and information. GIS and BIM have their respective advantages and disadvantages, so a combination of both is needed to do a good management of building and area data and information. This research will use an open source web-application that can be used for asset and facility management. This web-application can display two-dimensional (2D) GIS and BIM data, but cannot display 3D GIS data yet. The results of surveying and mapping and from existing architectural drawing can build 3D GIS data using 3D City Database (3D CityDB) which is integrated with the web-application used.The purpose of this study is to store building and city data, visualize it in a 3D model, and use it to perform spatial analysis in customized open source web-applications. The study cases for this research are campus area of Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Sayang Village, and Penglipuran Village.
A smart city is a concept of urban development that requires different technologies to integrate all city elements into a sustainable city system. Land administration, including three-dimensional (3D) cadaster and planning, is a pre-condition for having a smart city. Land administration in the smart city will be more attractive when the city has a cultural heritage area that must be preserved for economic, social, and territory benefits. This paper describes the development of a multipurpose land administration system prototype of a city, especially in the cultural heritage area. The first activity of this development is to create a 3D city map for documentation and management of cities, especially for cultural heritage areas, and involve the role of the community in participatory mapping. The participatory mapping method is used to form a more detailed 3D building model using simple techniques for measuring the room distance on a building. Then, the 3D city model is stored in a spatial database and management system to visualize, analyze, and manage the data. This research uses the complex area of Kasepuhan Palace, Cirebon City, West Java, Indonesia, as a case study. That area is a cultural heritage area with complicated objects and unique information to document.
The 3D city/landscape model is digital representation of real environment that can be used for planner or landscape architecture in urban development planning. That model’s more focused on building, whereas vegetation model’s also needed for urban planning simulation. This research purposes are to map existing vegetation and to generate individual trees model in some level of details. The research area is campus of ITB Jatinangor and the used data are orthophoto and DSM from UAV-Photogrammetry technology. Manual segmentation, classification, and NDSM generation process can provide tree information (position, crown diameter, species, height)-as 3D vegetation modeling input. It’s also necessary to provide classification, information, detail level, and visualization of vegetation model according to landscape architecture analysis needs. This research results are 3D vegetation models in LoD 1-3 with differents information based on appearance, geometry, semantic, and topology aspects of CityGML. Models then tested qualitatively based on visualization and sun shadow analysis. For visualization, the used data only able to generate LoD 1 and 2 vegetation model and the minimum LoD required for sun shadow analysis is LoD 2. Terrestrial data, which provide the real form and size of each tree part, is needed to generate LoD 3 vegetation model.
ABSTRACT:The new campus of ITB-Indonesia, which is located at Jatinangor, requires good facilities and infrastructures to supporting all of campus activities. Those can not be separated from procurement and maintenance activities. Technology for procurement and maintenance of facilities and infrastructures -based computer (information system)-has been known as Building Information Modeling (BIM). Nowadays, that technology is more affordable with some of free software that easy to use and tailored to user needs. BIM has some disadvantages and it requires other technologies to complete it, namely Geographic Information System (GIS). BIM and GIS require surveying data to visualized landscape and buildings on Jatinangor ITB campus. This paper presents the on-going of an internal service program conducted by the researcher, academic staff and students for the university. The program including 3D surveying to support the data requirements for 3D modeling of buildings in CityGML and Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data model. The entire 3D surveying will produce point clouds that can be used to make 3D model. The 3D modeling is divided into low and high levels of detail modeling. The low levels model is stored in 3D CityGML database, and the high levels model including interiors is stored in BIM Server. 3D model can be used to visualized the building and site of Jatinangor ITB campus. For facility management of campus, an geo-information system is developed that can be used for planning, constructing, and maintaining Jatinangor ITB's facilities and infrastructures. The system uses openMAINT, an open source solution for the Property & Facility Management.
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