Purpose To compare prediction of disease outcome, severity, and patient triage in COVID-19 pneumonia with whole lung radiomics, radiologists’ interpretation, and clinical variables. Methods Our IRB-approved retrospective study included 315 adult patients (mean age 56 (21-100) years, 190 males, 125 females) with COVID-19 pneumonia who underwent non-contrast chest CT. All patients (inpatients, n=210; outpatients, n=105) were followed up for at least two-weeks to record disease outcome. Clinical variables such as presenting symptoms, laboratory data, peripheral oxygen saturation, and comorbid diseases were recorded. Two radiologists assessed each CT in consensus and graded the extent of pulmonary involvement (by percentage of involved lobe) and type of opacities within each lobe. We obtained radiomics for the entire lung and multiple logistic regression analyses with areas under the curve (AUC) as outputs were performed. Results Most patients (276/315,88%) recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia; 36/315 patients (11%) died and 3/315 patients (1%) remain admitted in the hospital. Radiomics differentiated chest CT in outpatient vs inpatient with an AUC of 0.84 (p<0.005), while radiologists’ interpretations of disease extent and opacity type had an AUC of 0.69 (p<0.0001). Whole lung radiomics were superior to the radiologists’ interpretation for predicting patient outcome in terms of ICU admission (AUC:0.75 vs 0.68) and death (AUC:0.81 vs 0.68) (p<0.002). Addition of clinical variables to radiomics improved the AUC to 0.84 for predicting ICU admission. Conclusion Radiomics from non-contrast chest CT were superior to radiologists’ assessment of extent and type of pulmonary opacities in predicting COVID-19 pneumonia outcome, disease severity, and patient triage.

BackgroundNephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are side effects of Cisplatin (CP) therapy.ObjectivesWe investigated the role of gender in CP-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.Materials and MethodsLow dose of CP (1 mg/kg/day; ip) was administered daily to male and female Wistar rats for 15 consecutive days. Serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) metabolite, and magnesium (Mg) levels were determined.ResultsThe percentage of weight loss and the serum levels of MDA and nitrite in male and female animals were not statistically different. However, the serum levels of BUN, Cr, Mg, and kidney MDA levels, and kidney weight and damage score were significantly greater in males than in females (P < 0.05).ConclusionsCP-induced nephrotoxicity is gender related for which the mechanisms should be determined.