This article reviews the recent progress in the field of electric-double-layer transistors for synaptic devices and neuromorphic systems.

All external sensory stimuli produce a spatiotemporal pattern of action potentials, which is transmitted to the biological neural system to be processed. The relative timing of synaptic spikes from different presynaptic neurons represents the features of the stimuli. A fundamental prerequisite in cortical information processing is the discrimination of different spatiotemporal input sequences. Here, capacitively coupled multiterminal oxide‐based neuro‐transistors are proposed for spatiotemporal information processing, mimicking the dendritic discriminability of different spatiotemporal input sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that such multiterminal neuromorphic devices can act as spatiotemporal information processing compartments for fundamental cortical computation. Also, as an example of spatiotemporal information processing, sound location functionality of the human brain is also emulated by constructing a simple artificial neural network based on such oxide‐based multiterminal neuro‐transistors.

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to achieve low-voltage operation in TFTs. TFTs with ionic liquids or gel electrolytes as the gate dielectrics can electrostatically induce high-density carriers in the channel layer at a very low gate voltage due to the electric-double-layer (EDL) electrostatic coupling. [5] The application of regular paper for TFTs application is limited by its high surface roughness. In order to reduce the surface roughness, a thin passivation layer was coated on the regular paper. [6] However, the coating passivation layer may affect the porous structure of paper and may have a negative impact on the paper device. [7] Newly, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), one of sources of biodegradable and recyclable materials, have achieved much attention due to their strong mechanical strength and excellent flexible property. [8] Nanopapers were produced based on cellulose nanofibers by physical or chemical methods, which had a much smaller diameter than regular paper. [9] Although TFTs on nanopaper substrates showed good performance, [7b,10] the method of nanopaper production was complicated and unsuited for mass production. Recently, cellulose nanofibers were used as the buffer layers and gate dielectric layers in TFTs fabrication, and good electrical performance was obtained. [11] Here, cellulose nanofibers-soaked weighing papers are simultaneously used as the gate dielectrics and substrates for TFTs fabrication. The operation voltage of such TFTs is reduced to ≈2.0 V due to the large EDL capacitance of the CNFs-soaked paper. The ITO-based homojunction TFTs exhibit good electrical performance and great mechanical stability. Furthermore, inverter and NAND logic operation are demonstrated with such TFTs. Such flexible TFTs on low-cost and biodegradable paper pave the way for the development of flexible portable applications.