<p>By the three-dimensional polymerization of nonionic (polyhydroxyethylacrylate and polyacrylamide) <br />polymers and bentonite clay from Manyrak deposit (East Kazakhstan Region) and with using of process <br />preliminary intercalation of monomers in an aqueous suspension of bentonite (polymerization in situ) the <br />chemically crosslinked composite gels were synthesized. Optimal conditions of synthesis and physical-chemical properties of composition gels were established. It was shown, that yield of gel fraction increases <br />with increasing contents of bentonite clay. Insignificant adding of negative charged particles of bentonite clay <br />gives to polymer gels of nonionic type polyelectrolyte character, that comes out in decreasing of swelling <br />degree of gels under effect of ionic strength. By using physical and chemical methods of research: equilibrium <br />swelling, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), sorption-desorption, etc. were shown the <br />formation of compatible, homogeneous, swelling in water polyelectrolyte gels formed via hydrogen bonds <br />between the components of the gel, stabilized by hydrophobic interactions of the organic polymer chains. <br />The possibility of the regulation of swelling ability of the composite gels through varying of the outside and <br />inside factors as: consist of the composition, conditions of intercalation, pH of the environment, temperature <br />and ionic strength was established, that is stimulus sensitivity of gels. The sorbtion capacity of polymer-clay composites in attitude surface active substance cetylpyridinium bromide were estimated. Increasing of <br />temperature of environment and content of bentonite clay in composite promotes the process of sorbtion <br />of surface-active substances. Considerably high sorption capacity of polymer clay composition based on <br />more hydrophilic polymer – polyacrylamide was established. By the results of investigations one may, that <br />synthesized polymer clay composites after suitable investigations can be recommend as sorbents of cationic <br />surface active substances.</p>
The interaction of the bentonite of the Manrak deposit of the East-Kazakhstan region with the AK-29 and richlokain local anesthetics has been studied to synthesize the new prolonged medical compounds. The methods of equilibrium swelling, sedimentation, electrophoresis, rotational viscosimetry, and IR spectroscopy have been used. The comparative analysis of interaction of bentonite clay with medical compounds has been carried out. The dependence of interaction nature on an anesthetic structure has been observed. Results of anesthetic release from polymer show a high degree of their fixation and prolongation.
Composition gels on the basis of bentonite clay of Manrak deposit (East-Kazakhstan region) and nonionogenic polymers -poly-2-hydroxyethyl-acrylate and polyacrylamide were synthesized by radical intercalative polymerization in situ with various content o f cross-linking agent N,N-methylene-bisacrylamide and with time of intercalation about 8 hours. The morphological structure, the nature of interaction of components and the swelling ability of composition gels were studied by scanner electron microscopy, equilibrium swelling and IR-spectroscopy methods. By studying of morphological structure it was determined, that the polymer-clay composition gels, synthesized by intercalative polymerization, are most homogenous and interconsistency in case of "acrylamide-clay" composition in contrast with "2-hydroxyethylacrylate -clay" composition. For "acrylamide-clay" gels the swelling degree of gels was stated to decrease with the increase in the content of cross-linking agent and ionic strength, but "2-hydroxyethylacrylate -clay" compositions have the extremely character of swelling, where maximum degree of swelling account for gel with content of cross-linking agent 1*10 -2 М. Interaction of composition components was realized on account of hydrogen bonds with formation of chemically cross-linked complex polymer-clay. Decrease of swelling degree of compositions in physiological solution points to acquisition of polyelectrolyte nature of composition gels on account of combination of nonionogenic macromolecules of polymers with negatively charged particles of bentonite clay. For intercalated samples of polymer-clay compositions, the degree of swelling at all degrees of cross-linking is between those for pure polymers and pure clay, that in turn, agrees with the conclusion on the great composition homogeneity of samples with preliminary intercalation. As of results of holding investigation fit is safe to say, that obtained polymer-clay composition gels are potential sorbents and prolongated carriers of medicines.
This work is focused on synthesis of different ratios of cryogel based on polyacrylic acid in order to obtain the best results of cryogel in the most right moment. Studying of physico-chemical properties of obtained cryogel includes determination of equilibrium swelling, density, obtaining photographs by atomic force microscope, scanning electron and optical microscopes.
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