The removal of organic matter and etodolac (an anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical) from a real process wastewater by using powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption before and after Fenton oxidation has been studied. The wastewater sample is collected from the final stage of chemical synthesis of a pharmaceutical (etodolac). Fenton oxidation resulted with decrease in chemical oxygen demand (84% removal) and etodolac concentration was reduced to 0.7 mg L-1. Optimum adsorption equilibrium conditions were found as t = 16 hours, and m = 10 g L-1. The Freundlich model showed the best fit for the adsorption of both wastewater with R2 values of 0.89 and 0.99. Lower pseudo-second-order rate constant (k2) (0.067 < 2.62) obtained from the adsorption of raw wastewater with higher organic matter concentration confirms the chemisorption of the adsorbates onto the PAC. Pore surface mass diffusion with R2 value of 0.92 was found as rate-controlling step for adsorption process with Fenton pre-treated wastewater.
A B S T R A C TThe aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of combined Fenton oxidation and membrane filtration for the treatment of a real process pharmaceutical wastewater resulting from the chemical synthesis of etodolac-a pharmaceutical active compound. In single Fenton oxidation experiments, the highest process efficiencies (84% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 95% UV 254 ) were obtained at the H 2 O 2 /Fe 2+ = 40 ratio. However, regarding the costs of reagents, the optimum molar ratio of H 2 O 2 /Fe 2+ was selected as 20 with COD removal efficiency of 82%. Although COD could not be reduced to discharge standards, etodolac removal is fixed close to 100%. Higher flux, higher rejection rates, and lower flux decline were obtained from the combined Fenton oxidation and nanofiltration (NF) of the raw wastewater from chemical synthesis process. Although effective removals of etodolac (>99.5%) were obtained for combined and single systems, single-stage NF treatment was also insufficient for the removal of organic matter. Combined Fenton oxidation and NF treatment was found to be a promising method for wastewater from chemical synthesis processes of pharmaceutical industry containing etodolac. FT-IR spectrums showed that the calcium salts could be the main foulants on the NF membrane surface.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.