Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an acute infectious process mostly associated with diabetes and obstruction. It is a life-threatening illness and treatment generally involves antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage and nephrectomy. The prognosis is poor regardless of therapy. Herein, we present a case with pneumocystitis. To our knowledge, there have been 54 cases previously reported. There is no doubt that emphysematous pyelonephritis with pneumocystitis as in our case is less frequent.
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