In the present study, logistic regression analysis has been used to create a landslide hazard map for Sajarood basin, Northern Iran. At first, an inventory map of 95 landslides was used to produce a dependent variable, a value of 0 for absence and 1 for presence of landslides. The effect of causative parameters on landslide occurrence was assessed by the corresponding coefficient that appears in the logistic regression function. The interpretation of the coefficients shows that the road network plays the major role in determining landslide occurrence. Elevation, slope curvature, rainfall and distance to fault were excluded from the final analysis, because these variables do not significantly add to the predictive power of the logistic regression. After running the final probability function into Arc/view 3.2 software, a landslide susceptibility map has been produced. The accuracy assessment shows an overall accuracy of the landslide susceptibility map to be 85.3%. An area of 53.01% is found to be located in a very low, 18.33% in low, 20.96% in moderate and 7.7% in high-risk regions. The proposed susceptibility map was tested using -2LL, Cox and Snell R 2 , Nagelkerk R 2 and Roc procedure, and it is found to be very reliable.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Patients with AD have impaired semantic knowledge of nouns and verbs as well as the ability to verb retrieval. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare verbal fluency and verb fluency and to investigate the association between severity and types of fluency (verbal-verb) in patients with AD. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 30 patients (14 males, 16 females) with AD. The participants were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and a neurologist made the diagnosis of AD. In order to examine verb and verbal fluency, the subjects were asked to name any words that they remember in one minute. Scoring was based on the correct number of items and data analysis was performed by SPSS 16. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between letter fluency and verb fluency (P = 0.013), letter fluency and semantic fluency (P < 0.001), and verb fluency and semantic fluency (P = 0.002) in patients with AD. The results showed significant differences between letter fluency (P < 0.001), verb fluency (P = 0.034), and semantic fluency (P < 0.001) among patients with different severity of AD. In addition, the most frequently produced words in letter fluency were /a/, /s/, and /f/, consecutively. The mean ratio of semantic fluency to letter fluency was 3:5. Conclusions: In patients with AD, verb fluency was impaired more than semantic fluency was. Verb fluency task is an important criterion in diagnosis of early dementia. Therefore, the investigation of verb fluency in susceptible individuals with dementia might prevents the progression of the disorder.
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