After the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, its spread to other countries is rapidly increasing. In this integrative review, we report the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with COVID-19. For this purpose, available articles on gastrointestinal manifestations in patients with COVID-19, which were reported from China, were reviewed. All reviewed articles were searched from December 11, 2019, to June 20, 2020, based on specific key words. Related findings in these articles show that the main target of COVID-19 is lung tissue, as after the virus enters the body, it mainly causes respiratory symptoms in affected patients. But in addition to respiratory symptoms, it is possible that, over time, these patients present with other symptoms, the most obvious of which are gastrointestinal symptoms. It is well documented that diarrhea and vomiting are the most common gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 patients. As part of this report, we also look at the incidence and frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 patients in Iran. The results can be used by providers as a guideline for better management of gastrointestinal symptoms in these patients.
Background
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) has been reported as a pandemic by the world health organization. Increasing number of cases and associated mortality have demanded the need for clinical studies and researches.
Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate intubation prognosis of the COVID 19 patients referred to Shahid Beheshti hospital in Qom city.
Method
COVID 19 patients referred to (XXX)were included in this study. Clinical sign and symptoms were recorded for each patient in a questionnaire. The diagnosis was made using real time polymerase chain reaction and chest CT scans. Lab findings from renal and liver function tests, blood count, c-reactive protein and electrolytes were also recorded. Shortness of breath was measured using oxygen saturation levels in these patients. The data was recorded in the electronic form and was analyzed using SPSS v21.
Result
Of 317 patients included in this study, the average age of COVID 19 patients were 59.71±16.46 years. The need of ventilation among the patients older than 50 years was significantly higher than younger patients, p=0.013. Smoking status, gender and drug addiction was not associated with the need of invasive mechanical ventilation, p=0.73, p=0.44 and p=0.76. Patients need invasive mechanical ventilation compared to those receiving non-invasive ventilation were significantly older, p=0.001.
Conclusion
The need of mechanical ventilation is significantly greater in advanced age COVID-19 patients.
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disease with no exact laboratory or imaging findings. IBS is more common in areas with a history of psychological trauma and war. This study aims to report the prevalence and possible determinants of IBS in southwestern Iran, an area with a notable history of war. Methods: We randomly enrolled 1849 permanent residents in 29 cities aged 20 to 65 years. A validated for Farsi version Rome III criteria and a questionnaire, including demographic data and health history, were administered to each subject. Participants who fulfilled the Rome III criteria were categorized into three groups: Diarrhea dominant (IBS-D), Constipation dominant (IBS-C), and Mixed type (IBS-M). Results: The total prevalence of IBS was 3.2%, with 70% of subjects being of Arab descent (P=0.004). IBS was more common in females, singles, illiterate subjects, and people younger than 30 years; however, none of these differences were statistically significant. People with depression, anxiety, self-report of psychological disorders, and very low socioeconomic status had a significantly higher prevalence of IBS (P<0.05). After multivariable logistic regression analysis, very low socioeconomic status had an independent role in IBS predictivity (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.01–5.15). Conclusion: This study shows a higher prevalence of IBS symptoms in a population-based study in the region compared to counterparts in other regions of Iran. Considering the higher prevalence of self-reported psychological disorders, further studies are recommended to focus on the exact diagnosis of mental disorders and their influence on IBS.
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