Pipe spool fabrication is an early stage in industrial construction projects and is crucial for the successful delivery of a project. Pipe spool fabrication is a complex and uncertain process due to the uniqueness of its products. The productivity of the fabrication process and the factors affecting productivity are therefore of great importance to project managers and construction researchers alike. Being able to identify all of the significant factors affecting productivity is critical to the ability to accurately estimate productivity and ultimately improve the fabrication process. This paper introduces the factors that affect the productivity of the pipe spool fabrication process that are not accounted for in the production unit of spools. In addition, the impact of each factor on productivity is illustrated, and different methods for modeling these factors are proposed. This paper provides a framework for a more comprehensive approach to estimating the productivity using the production unit of spools.
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