The equivalent statistical methods, spectral analysis, and time history analysis are usually offered in the steel structure design regulations. Among these methods, the third one is more accurate; however, it requires more time to align the accelerometers due to a large number of analyses. In the endurance time (ET) method, incremental acceleration functions gradually and uniformly increases over time while their linear and nonlinear response spectra are proportional to the mean of the real seismic spectrum. These functions are used as input functions to analyze the nonlinear time history of structures, and the performance of structures is evaluated based on the maximum length of time they can meet specified performance goals. A three-story steel bending frame with (slotted web) SW and (web unslotted flange) WUF connection is examined through the performance time method in performance-based design. This article aimed at evaluating the seismic performance of these connections in the bending frame through endurance time analysis to predict the structural response in the probabilistic evaluation of the seismic performance of the structures. It is found that the endurance time analysis is justified with the seismic performance of the connections with low computational cost and proper accuracy. The results of comparing both SW and WUF connections indicated that the SW connection prevents the connection welding area from being failed due to transferring the plastic joint into the beam and in an area away from the column face and causes less damage compared to the WUF connection.
These days, due to the unpleasant spread of the threat imposed to human life by explosion, the analysis and designating of important structures such as military, governmental and fundamental, and utilities against explosive loading is not anymore a costly conservatism but an inevitable necessity. In this study, the nonlinear behavior of the fortified concrete walls by various carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) such as glass, carbon and Aramid against the load generated by the explosion wave is investigated by the use of ABAQUS finite element software. In this study, the explosive load, base conditions, wall dimensions, and the features of the material are considered to be the same. The state and the amount of distribution of destruction parameters, tension and displacement in the walls were calculated and the critical areas were identified. Other Two 2 and 4 story models were investigated to examine the frame height and different arrangements of composite fiber reinforcing polymer (CFRP). Similarly, in order to obtain more accuracy in the results, nonlinear behavioral models of concrete and nonlinear plastic damage to concrete have been applied. A 4-node Shell element was used for meshing. The results indicated that, in the reinforced model, about 30% of decrease in the base cutting power is observed, and the reduction of the values for maximum displacement and maximum stress outputs are 30 percent and 45 percent respectively.
As a destructive phenomenon in most parts of the world, earthquake has threatened the safety of structures and the lives of its inhabitants and is considered as the main problem in the seismic vulnerability of buildings. Steel shear walls are regarded as one of the newest structural systems resistant to lateral load in steel structures. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of effective parameters on cyclic behavior by numerically modeling a steel shear wall and comparing it with laboratory results. The results indicated the significant contribution of the thickness of steel shear sheet so that when the thickness changes to 25%, the final response of the structure increased by approximately 20% and decreased by 15%.
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