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Feather and muscle of 10 avian species (n = 46), were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Muscle contained significantly higher PCB and OCP than liver and feather. Mean muscle and feather PCB was 408.5 ± 134.5 and 32 ± 4.5 ng/g wet weight. Highly chlorinated PCBs were found in muscle and liver while feather had PCBs with less chlorination. Gulls had highest levels of both pollutants. Gull feather PCB and OCP were strongly correlated with their levels in the liver and muscle tissues (0.6 < r < 0.9, p < 0.01). Analysis of gull feather can be used as a non-invasive method for monitoring organic pollutants.

This study was conducted to investigate the total concentration of cadmium and lead as well as their compartmentalisation by the modified BCR sequential extraction method. Also the mobility and contamination factor potential of cadmium and lead was evaluated in soils in Amol area, Iran. Total metals concentrations in Cd and Pb were 0.096±0.036 and 24.97±0.83 (µg g -1 ), respectively. The sum of the fractions was consistent with the total content of each metal. Cadmium was mainly associated with the reducible, exchangeable-acid soluble and oxidisable fractions. Lead was mainly associated with the residual, reducible and oxidisable fractions. Cadmium had a higher mobility potential in all soil samples than lead. Cadmium had a lower retention time than lead.

BACKGROUND: The paper reports an investigation into the possibility of producing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P(3HB)) polyester using corn syrup, a relatively low cost by-product from the starch industries. The concentrations of medium components, corn syrup, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 ), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH 2 PO 4 ) and ammonium sulfate [(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ] were optimized using design of experiments (DOE).

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