There is understandable concern by LeBreton, Scherer, and James (2014) that psychometric corrections in organizational research are nothing more than a form of statistical hydraulics. Statistical corrections for measurement error variance and range restriction might inappropriately ratchet observed effects upward into regions of practical significance and publication glory-at the expense of highly questionable results.We share this concern. Of course, effect sizes based on high-quality measurement and representative sampling from populations of interest are preferred over psychometric corrections applied to effects subject to measurement error variance and range restriction. But there are at least two major reasons to consider the latter. First and foremost, we must contend with the reality of our research: Measures are never perfect reflections of their intended constructs, and a variety of range restriction effects exist with respect to the population to which inferences are made (e.g., effects of recruiting, self-selection, and other nonrandom sampling). Statistically modeling measurement error variance and range restriction attempts to take these realities into account when estimating latent relationships.Second, assuming that the psychometric model and corrections are realistic (a strong assumption that we revisit shortly), the resulting magnitudes and patterns of latent relationships might be more accurate and interpretable than the uncorrected effects observed in the data. But you don't get something for nothing in making these psychometric corrections: Statistically,
This paper is designed to explore whether family businesses outperform nonfamily businesses regarding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performance. Upon comparing the CSR performances of 64 top family businesses in the US with CSR performances of the top nonfamily businesses in the US; the results have showed that nonfamily businesses outperform family businesses on CSR. Analysis of four out of five categories of CSR performance resulted in favor of nonfamily businesses and no statistical difference was found in one category. Hence, results show that family businesses are reluctant to corporate social responsibility concern. The result of this study may suggest that family businesses are self-interested; however, some research literature may advise otherwise. Strong agency problems and having family influence in the top management team composition may be shown as the main reason behind this phenomenon. Also results show that among the family businesses, increased family member presence in the top management has a positive effect on CSR performance. For further analysis and future studies, recommendations are made in the conclusion section.
Living and working in a patriarchal culture that encourages modesty, female Emirati employees might face unique challenges such as a male-dominated work environment, higher emotional labour and lack of role models to follow. These challenges potentially shape Emirati women’s job-related attitudes and values in a way distinct from that of Western women. Thus, rather than relying on the results of studies conducted in Western countries, researchers should collect data from Emirati women to gain a more accurate understanding of their job attitudes. Consequently, this study examines the effects of some intrinsic and extrinsic factors on Emirati women’s job satisfaction. The factors include pay, promotion opportunities, job security, job difficulty, job content quality and interpersonal relations. The results of a hierarchical regression analysis based on data obtained from 364 female Emirati employees indicate that pay and promotion opportunities do not have significant effects, whereas job security, job content quality and interpersonal relations have significant positive effects, and job difficulty has a significant negative effect on Emirati women’s job satisfaction. The results further indicate that intrinsic factors explained 10% of variance in job satisfaction above and beyond the extrinsic factors and promotion opportunities. The article discussed the possible meaning of these findings in the context of working in a male-dominated work environment and living in a culture that encourages and values modesty.
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