Background Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a significant symptom of COVID-19 and may be the earliest symptom, or it may sometimes be the only manifestation of the disease. Aims To investigate whether OD is correlated with chest computed tomography (CT) findings, blood test parameters, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Methods The files of COVID-19 patients were retrospectively reviewed, and the ones who had information about smelling status and CT were taken into consideration. A total of 180 patients were divided into two groups: the OD group consisted of 89 patients with self-reported OD, and the No-OD group consisted of 91 subjects who did not complain of OD. The two groups were compared for the amount of lung consolidation on CT, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and blood test parameters (complete blood count, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ferritin, D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6)). Results The amount of lung consolidation and ICU admission were significantly higher in the No-OD group ( p < 0.001 for both). White blood cell ( p = 0.06), monocyte ( p = 0.26), and platelet ( p = 0.13) counts and hemoglobin ( p = 0.63), ALT ( p = 0.89), and D-dimer ( p = 0.45) levels of the two groups were similar. Lymphocyte count ( p = 0.01), neutrophil count ( p = 0.01), and AST ( p = 0.03), CK ( p = 0.01), LDH ( p < 0.001), CRP ( p < 0.001), ESR ( p < 0.001), ferritin ( p < 0.001), and IL-6 ( p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in the No-OD group. Conclusions The patients presenting to the hospital with self-reported OD may have less lung involvement and a milder disease course compared to patients without OD on admission.
Benign (BG), premalignant (PG) and malignant (MG) lesions can be seen in the laryngeal mucosa as a result of exposure to physical, chemical and biological agents. BG lesions are nodules, polyps or cysts, often caused by excessive use of the voice or vocal cord trauma. 1 Laryngeal MG lesions are most frequently seen due to tobacco use. The most com-mon histopathological type is squamous cell carcinoma and it is the most common tumor in the head and neck region. According to the data of the United States of America for 2017, there were 13,360 new cases and 3,660 deaths due to laryngeal cancer. 2,3 While MG transformation is not observed in BG lesions of the larynx, the development of laryngeal
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