This paper presents Hexa-SSD, a novel SSD-internal DRAM management scheme that allows the SSD capacity to scale beyond the slow growth of capacitors. Hexa-SSD judiciously manages the dirty memory footprint within the SSD-internal buffer by using a low-overhead data reordering scheme on the deep queues available in today's storage interfaces. In doing so, our design guarantees crash consistency while using a fraction of the capacitors compared to the state-of-the-art designs. We implement our design in FEMU and demonstrate that Hexa-SSD delivers up to 1.4× higher IOPS and up to 49% less write amplification compared to the existing scheme under power constraints.
We present IOTap, a tool that analyzes and profiles block I/O traces. IOTap computes the (dis)similarities among a set of workloads and sets a guideline for selecting a subset of traces for benchmarking. By doing so, we avoid experimentally running all workloads or, even worse, arbitrarily selecting a subset that skews the results. We demonstrate the usefulness of IOTap by comparing its results with experiments on real SSDs, achieving a high correlation of 0.92 for an NVMe SSD.
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