Three field observational studies were conducted to examine the influence of a front seat car passenger (model) seat belt usage/non-usage on driver seat belt usage. In addition, the effects of driving location (study 1 and 2), time of day (study 1), day of week (study 2) and gender (study 3) were also examined. The results showed an overall seat belt use rate of about 70%, typical for New York State. All three studies showed that driver seat belt usage was significantly related to the front seat passenger seat belt rate. When the front-seat passenger wore the seat belt, 77% (79.4%-study 2, 87.1%-study 3) of the drivers wore the seat belt; when the front seat passenger did not wear the seat belt, only 44% (49.0%-study 2, 38.4%-study 3) of the drivers wore the seat belt. Results failed to show any significant effects of time of the day or day of week, but showed the expected significant effect of driving location (study 2). No overall main effect of gender on modeling was obtained, though interesting specific results were obtained. These studies extend earlier experimental work on the effects of modeling on seat belt usage, and confirm that car occupant seat belt behavior significantly impacts the other occupant's seat belt usage.
The purpose of this study is to apply WDA (Work Domain Analysis) for the development of EID (Ecological Interface Design) of vehicle control display. At first, a work domain model on the automobile operation was developed using the AH (Abstraction Hierarchy) which is one of WDA tools. Secondly, information requirements that should be included in vehicle control displays were extracted on the basis of the completed model. The vehicle control information that typical automobiles interface displays currently provide occurred on the low level of the work domain model. This implies that current control displays impose too heavy cognitive workload on automobile drivers. Information requirements that can be included new vehicle control display are also discovered in the high level of the work domain model. The detailed information for EID was not proposed in this study. In the further study, the development of vehicle control display will be deeply conducted, using the results of this study.
이를 위해서 생태적 인터페이스 디자인(EID: EcologicalInterface Design) 방법을 사용할 것이다. • 작업환경의 제한요소들을 반영한 인터페이스이며, 이 인터 페이스를 사용하는 사용자들이 적은 인지부담을 갖고 시 스템의 상황을 지각할 수 있음.
생태적 인터페이스 디자인• • " 무엇을 위해 작업영역이 디자인 되었는가?"라는 목적을 의미하는 Functional Purpose.• 어떠한 법칙과 원칙아래 이루어지는가를 나타내는 Abstract Function.• 관련된 프로세스는 무엇인가를 나타내는 Generalized
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