In the capital of Mongolia where the air quality is getting worse due to the coal consumption used for electricity generation and district heating, the application of geothermal systems in the housing sector is recently designed for high class resort. In this study, the case of applying a geothermal system in a house in Mongolia is examined. The effects of passive house design on the needed heat pump capacity, as well as the annual energy consumption are analyzed. Moreover, as the initial costs, except labor fee, are assumed similar to Korea, cost analysis for several cases is examined, too. From the results, if a house is designed according to passive house standard instead of ASHRAE standard, the heat pump capacity can be expected to be reduced from 16 to 5∼6 RT. Furthermore, although the initial cost of architectural cost might increased by 29 M₩, the total initial cost is reduced by 14 M₩, while the annual energy consumption is reduced by 14%. This is mainly driven by the fact that the geothermal system which serves as the main system to cover the building needs, with a high initial cost for fulfilling the peak requirements.
The use of an activated carbon (AC) system alone has the limitation that the pollutants are not eliminated but only transferred to another phase with the consumed AC becoming hazardous waste itself. Therefore, the present study investigated the feasibility of using a combined system of granular AC (GAC) with S-doped visible-light-induced TiO 2 (GAC/ S-doped TiO 2) to clean monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) with concentrations at ‹3 mg m-3 , using a continuous air-flow reactor. This study conducted three different experiments: an adsorption test of pure GAC and GAC/S-doped TiO 2 ; a long-term adsorptional photocatalytic (AP) activity test of GAC/ S-doped TiO 2 ; and an AP activity test of GAC/S-doped TiO 2 under different conditions. For the AP activity test, three parameters were evaluated: various weights of GAC/S-doped TiO 2 (0.9, 4.4, and 8.9 g); various flow rates (FRs) (0.5, 1 and 2 L min-1); and various input concentrations (ICs) of the target MAHs (0.1, 1, 2 and 3 mg m-3). The adsorption efficiencies were similar for the pure GAC and GAC/S-doped TiO 2 reactors, suggesting that S-doped TiO 2 particles on GAC surfaces do not significantly interfere with the adsorption capacity of GAC. Benzene exhibited a clear AP activity, whereas no other target MAHs did. In most cases, the AP efficiencies for the target MAHs did not significantly vary with an increase in weight, thereby suggesting that, under the weight range tested in this study, the weights or FRs are not important parameters for AP efficiency. However, ICs did influence the AP efficiencies.
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