This study aims to analyze the factors that cause climate change that occurs in Indonesia. From every effort to increase economic growth, some elements are sacrificed. The Oil Palm Industry, high levels of CO2 emissions, Gini ratio index, and population increase in urban areas are variables used in this research. This research was conducted for thirty years, from 1990 to 2020. The analysis model used was the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The estimation results show that the palm oil industry, the impact of CO2 emissions, and the increase in urban population have a positive effect in the long term but do not impact economic growth in the long term because one of them is environmental quality degradation. Therefore, sometimes every effort to increase economic growth must be accompanied by mitigation of environmental impacts that will affect the short and long term.

This study aims to examine the trade of Indonesia with 10 top export partner using the gravity model of trade. The panel regression analysis with fixed effect model was conducted in order to acknowledge the relationship among the variables Constant Gross Domestic Product, Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, transportation cost, and Real Effective Exchange Rate on export of Indonesia with 10 partners. This study used secondary data with panel regression analysis and research instruments which tested using chow test, hausman test and classical assumption test. The panel regression result showed that simultaneously and partially Constant Gross Domestic Product, Per Capita Gross Domestic Product, transportation cost and Real Effective Exchange Rate had significant effect on export of Indonesia.

In the decentralization era, local independence is the logic consequence of the implementation of fiscal decentralization. Further, fiscal decentralization has potentially to increase economic efficiency of the local government if compared with the central government. This research analyzed the effect of capital expenditure through Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) on Local Revenue. The sample in this study was 38 districts/ cities in East Java province in Indonesia using path analysis. The results showed some findings, first, capital expenditures which divided into productive capital expenditures and less productive capital expenditures has affect on regional gross domestic product. Second, regional gross domestic product has affects on the forming components of local revenue. Furthermore, less productive capital expenditures and productive capital expenditures have indirect effect on local revenue through regional gross domestic product.

As an intermediary institution, a bank is required to operate efficiently due to the increased competition among banks, both domestic and international. However, not all banks are able to optimize their owned resources to reach a certain efficiency level. Thus, efficiency plays an important role in this era of more globalized banking competiti on. The objective of this study is to calculate the banking efficiency score for the ASEAN-5 countries, consisting of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the input variables comprised of employees’ benefits, fixed assets, and deposits; while the output variables were total income and loans. The results show the relatively high efficiency levels of every bank in each country. The achievement of an input-output efficiency variable in the first period (2006-2009) tended to increase, but the second period (2010-2013) showed a declining trend. The performance of the banks in Singapore during the first period was very good, while in the second period, the banks in the Philippines showed a respectable performance.

Bank loans has an important role in financing the national economy and driving force of economic growth. Therefore, credit growth must be balanced. However, the condition show that commercial bank credit growth slowed back.Using the method of Error Correction Model (ECM) Domowitz -El Badawi, the study analyze the impact of short-term and long-term independent variables to determine the credit growth in Indonesia financial sector. The results show that, in the short term only non performing loans are significant negative effect on the working capital loans growth. For long-term, working capital loan interest rates have a significant negative effect, third party funds growth have a significant positive effect and inflation have a significant negative effect. Keyword: Credit Growth, Error Correction Model Domowitz-El BadawiPerbankan memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam mendukung perekonomian suatu negara. Peran tersebut terkait dengan fungsi perbankan sebagai lembaga intermediasi yakni menghimpun dana dari masyarakat yang memiliki kelebihan dana (unit surplus) dalam bentuk simpanan dan menyalurkannya kepada masyarakat yang kekurangan dana (unit defisit) dalam bentuk kredit. Kredit perbankan memiliki peran penting dalam pembiayaan perekonomian nasional dan merupakan motor penggerak pertumbuhan ekonomi.Meskipun penyaluran kredit dianggap mampu untuk mendukung perekonomian suatu negara, namun kredit juga mempunyai potensi untuk menciptakanpermasalahan yang dapat mengganggu perekonomian negara tersebut. Oleh karena itu, pertumbuhan kredit harus seimbang. Maksudnya, pertumbuhan kredit tidak berlebihan sehingga tidak mengganggu perekonomian negara tersebut serta pertumbuhan kredit juga tidak boleh terlalu lambat sehingga menciptakan perekonomian yang tidak kondusif. Determinan Pertumbuhan Kredit Modal Kerja Perbankan di Indonesia: Pendekatan Error Correction Model (ECM) Sasanti Widyawati & Setyo Tri WahyudiRegresi lancung terjadi apabila hasil regresi menunjukkan koefisien regresi yang signifikan secara statistik dan nilai koefisien determinasi yang tinggi namun variabel di dalam model tidak saling berhubungan (Widarjono,2009)