The
construction of solar active photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical
purposes based on a heterojunction platform is one of the most promising
strategies. Herein, a molybdenum disulfide–graphitic carbon
nitride (MoS2–GCN) p–n heterojunction stabilized
reduced graphene oxide/indium tin oxide (rGO/ITO) photoelectrode was
fabricated and has been employed for the photoelectrochemical detection
of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA). First, the rGO was electrochemically
reduced on an ITO slice in GO dispersion (pH = 7, −1.5–0
V potential window for 30 cycles) by using the cyclic voltammetry
technique, and then the MoS2–GCN heterostructure
was immobilized on rGO/ITO by the drop-casting method. The physicochemical
characterization of the fabricated electrodes was performed by means
of XRD, Raman, UV–vis DRS, EIS, PL, and SEM techniques. The
type of MoS2 and GCN semiconductors and the p–n
heterojunction formation between the MoS2 and GCN were
investigated through the Hall effect and Mott–Schottky analyses.
The fabricated electrode shows an enhanced photocurrent activity at
535 nm, which is confirmed from the UV-DRS measurement. The MoS2–GCN/rGO/ITO shows photoelectrochemical detection activity
of dopamine in the linear response of 0.005–1271.93 μM
with the detection limit of 1.6 nM. This MoS2–GCN/rGO/ITO
electrode was tested for the determination of dopamine in human urine
and serum samples.
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