Sacral nerve stimulation is a promising and durable treatment for children with refractory constipation, and appears particularly effective in decreasing fecal incontinence. Although a quarter of patients experienced complications requiring additional surgery, nearly all parents reported health-related benefit. Future studies to identify predictors of treatment response and complications are needed.
These novel findings support the hypothesis that bFGF is over expressed in the neuropathic bladder and directly influences an increase in SMC proliferation.
CIC was an easy technique for most sensate children to learn in 1 visit and master in a short time. Overall comfort with the technique was excellent and few problems were encountered. Their HRQOL was comparable to that of normal children.
Patients are more likely to be transferred to our tertiary pediatric facility for management of testicular torsion during the night or weekend. Transferring patients for management of testicular torsion delays definitive management and threatens testicular viability, especially in those transferred greater distances. Urologists at the facility of initial patient presentation should correct testicular torsion when able.
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