Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a com mon nosocomial infection, associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) and ICU stay, as well as increased attributable mortality and health-care cost. 1,2 Background: Recent changes in critical care delivery, including the widespread implementation of health-care bundles, were aimed at reducing complications of critical illness, in particular ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP), but no population-based study evaluated its effectiveness.
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