The article substantiates the essence of the concept of "social capital" as a resource in terms of formed, permanent, established types of highly effective socio-economic interactions. In addition, the main directions of its manifestation and its structural elements are defined. It is stated that for quantitative measurement of social capital at the enterprise level, it is necessary to establish its precise framework, to determine its structure and key features. As an object of accounting, social capital should be regarded as an intangible asset. The expediency of using the Value explorer method for social capital estimation, which requires some necessary steps, has been substantiated as follows: the use of clearly established algorithm of actions in the implementation of rational selection for a new product; the use of internal and external innovations in the process of generating new ideas and production of innovations within the framework of the product realization strategy; identify areas of key competitive advantages related to social capital; determining the role of the sphere of competitive advantages in production and sales of products; gross profit distribution by key competitive advantages; calculation of the potential of the competitive advantages sphere; assessment of the durability and sustainability of the competitive advantages of the enterprise and calculation of the present value of all elements of social capital of the enterprise. Five main levels of social intangibles are identified and grounded. The study allows to form an appropriate matrix to analyze the effectiveness of their use in the enterprise.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODICAL APPROACHES TO DISCLOSURE OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN INTEGRATED REPORTINGThe essence of the integrated reporting is described. Preconditions

analYSiS of The iMPaCT of inTanGiBle aSSeTS on The CoMPanieS' MarKeT Value Purpose. To determine the impact of intangible assets on the market value of European companies (Germany, France and the United Kingdom) using intellectual data analysis. Methodology. The correlationregression analysis, including Python programming libraries (Pandas, Numpy, Matplotlib, and Seaborn), was used to find the link between market value and intangible assets available to enterprises, which allows conducting analysis and visualization of the results obtained through various methods. To analyze the impact of an industry type on the rela tionship between market value and intangible assets, their classification according to the NACE Code Index is used. findings. The correlation between intangible assets and the market value of companies in the analyzed European countries has been identified, but the strength of this connection is different (German companies (0.6-0.7), French companies (0.3-0.7), Brit ish companies (0.5-0.7)). The size of an enterprise affects the connection between intangible assets and the market value of enter prises. The authors conclude that the correlation between the intangible assets indicators by economic sectors and the market value of enterprises exists only for some economic sectors (C, J, K, M and N), classified according to the NACE Code Index. originality. The study presents the regression dependence of market value on intangible assets of European companies (Ger many, France and the United Kingdom), which allows adjusting their investment policy depending on the industry to which the company belongs and on its size. Practical value. Determining the possibility of the impact of the value of intangible assets on the market value of companies.

Intellectual capital is the total value of all entity’s intangible resources (organizational, human, and customer). Effective management of intellectual capital in high-tech industries needs determination of its role in ensuring profitability and clarifying the direction of managerial and investment policy in intangible resources. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of intellectual capital on the profitability of Slovak software development companies. Panel data regression analysis was used as the main research method to analyze the data of 16 Slovak software development companies for 2015–2019. The study designed and analyzed four panel data regression models with different dependent variables (Return on Assets, Net Profit Margin, Gross Profit Margin, Earnings Before Interest and Taxes Margin) and similar independent variables (Capitalized Development Costs, Software, Acquired Intangible Fixed Assets, Personnel Costs, Social Security Costs, Social Costs, and Total Costs of Economic Activity). The analysis of these models was carried out based on the fixed effects method. It was found that intellectual capital reflected in the financial statements of software development companies does not meet the information needs of stakeholders and does not have a significant direct impact on profitability. Only Acquired Intangible Fixed Assets had a direct positive impact on the profitability of software development companies in all four analyzed models, and some independent variables had a negative impact. It is proposed to expand the structure of financial reporting items that characterize the intellectual capital and improve the method of recognizing costs of various types as intangibles.

Management report is a new form of sustainability reporting (SR) in Ukraine, and its assessment for quality of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria disclosure and compliance among banks plays a crucial role for auditors in the verification process. The Quality and Compliance Bank Management Reports (Q&C BMR) Index methodology was developed for this purpose. The methodology includes a range of formal, content, assurance and disclosure scorings. According to the results of a continuous assessment of these management reports of 75 state, private and foreign-owned banks in Ukraine for the 2018 fiscal year, the average Q&C BMR Index is 61.2%. This indicates a fairly high level of quality and compliance with regulatory requirements for disclosure by banks of Ukraine in their SR. Differentiation of the studied population of banks in terms of Q&C BMR Index allowed distinguishing the following rating groups: А – leaders, B – pursuers, C – starters, and D – outsiders. There is a clear trend in the relationship between the ownership of a bank and its Q&C BMR index. Despite the rather high average value of the index, there is an opportunity to improve Ukrainian banks’ SR in the context of its further standardization and disclosure of the full set of ESGs – a criterion for all rating groups (especially C and D). Q&C BMR Index can be used as a benchmark by banks, regulators and auditors when comparing the level of disclosure by banks and their transparency. AcknowledgmentThe comments of an editor and anonymous referees have been gratefully acknowledged. Inna Makarenko gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine – Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility for Sustainable Development: Partnership of Stakeholders in the Real, Financial and Public Sectors of the Economy (0117U003933).

Abstract.Introduction. The development of collective investment institutions (CIIs) results in new possibilities for Ukrainians to invest their savings to make profit through transfers of their own resources to professional managers with the aim of further investment of such resources in various assets: securities, immovable property, etc. The evolution of collective investment institutions, and in particular venture capital funds, should be provided by means of the developed accounting system. The purpose of the article is to determine ways of development of collective investment institutions type, to differentiate between venture capital funds and other funds and to analyse of procedural and institutional forms of the development of venture capital funds according to their basic characteristics effecting the organisation of the accounting system. Results. The authors have defined various types of institutions for collective investments are defined. Distinctive features of venture capital funds and other institutions are emphasised. The analysis of legal types of CIIs in terms of their basic characteristics effecting the organisation of the accounting system is performed. Conclusion. Determination of types of CIIs as well as procedural and institutional forms of venture capital funds will help to develop an accounting system that would meet the objectives of the activity, respond to the risk component of the activity and provide the required information for both internal and external users. Легенчук С. Ф. доктор економічних наук, професор, завідувач кафедри обліку і аудиту, Житомирський державний технологічний університет, Житомир,Україна Усатенко О. В. кандидат економічних наук, доцент, кафедра обліку і аудиту, Національний гірничий університет, Дніпропетровськ, Україна Аналіз форм господарювання інститутів спільного інвестування для організації системи бухгалтерського обліку Анотація. У статті визначено типи інститутів спільного інвестування, встановлено відмінності венчурних фондів від інших інститутів. Зроблено аналіз організаційно-правових форм створення венчурних фондів за їхніми основними характеристиками, що впливають на організацію системи бухгалтерського обліку. Проведений аналіз допоможе організувати такоу систему бухгалтерського обліку, яка б відповідала цілям діяльності, враховувала ризикову компоненту діяльності та забезпечувала необхідною інформацію внутрішніх і зовнішніх користувачів. Ключові слова: інститути спільного інвестування; венчурні фонди; система бухгалтерського обліку; інформація. Легенчук С. Ф. доктор экономических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой учета и аудита, Житомирский государственный технологический университет, Житомир, Украина Усатенко О. В. кандидат экономических наук, доцент, кафедра учета и аудита, Национальный горный университет, Днепропетровск, Украина Анализ форм хозяйствования институтов совместного инвестирования для организации системы бухгалтерского учета Аннотация. В статье определены типы институтов совместного инвестирования, установлены отличия венчурных фо...

Today, the development of accounting as an enterprise information system directly depends on the level of development of technological innovations that are used to collect and process accounting data. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of the influence of the Internet of Things (IoT) use on the functioning of the accounting system and to find ways to protect accounting data in such conditions. The urgency of the problem of protection of accounting data security in the conditions of implementation of IoT-technologies in enterprises activity has been grounded. The essence of IoT and the reasons for its use in the activities of enterprises have been disclosed. The advantages of IoT implementation in accounting information systems of enterprises have been analyzed. The peculiarities of the development of accounting information systems based on the use of IoT have been analyzed. Prospects for the impact of IoT on the development of audit procedures have been identified. The main directions of application of IoT technologies in accounting and audit have been allocated (to improve accounting procedures; to improve the work of the accounting service; to improve the audit process). Problems of accounting data protection in the context of each of the selected directions have been disclosed. The main reservations of IoT implementation in accounting information systems from the point of view of accounting data security have been analyzed. The main ways to improve the accounting system and procedures for controlling the formation of accounting data as a result of the implementation of IoT have been disclosed. Authors' attention is focused on the need to improve the security of accounting data when collecting and transferring them using IoT-tools because if all elements of the information system are not properly protected from unauthorized interference, instead of benefit, they will harm, providing cybercriminals with a loophole to undermine information security.

The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial performance of listed industrial companies in Oman. As the main research method, panel data regression analysis was used to analyze data from 36 Omani industrial companies, listed on the Muscat Stock Exchange for the period 2017–2021. Three regression models were developed using three dependent variables (Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Return on Sales), seven independent variables (Board Size, Independent and Non-executive Board Members, Board Meeting, Chief Executive Officer, Dummy variable for Board Change, Dummy variable for the Secretary on the Board, Dummy variable for Internal Auditor), and two control variables (Leverage, Size of the company). According to the research results, a negative influence of the Board Size and Dummy variable for the presence of the Secretary on the Board on the Return on Assets indicator at 10% and 5% significance level was found; moreover, there is a positive influence of Leverage and Size of the company at the 1% and 5% significance level on Return of Assets. Although, none of the independent variables used has a significant impact on the Return on Equity indicator. Return on Sales is significantly affected only by two control variables, i.e., a negative impact of Leverage at the 10% significance level and a positive impact of the Size of the company at the 10% significance level. The results obtained in the study indicate the imperfection of the corporate governance mechanisms implemented by Omani industrial companies in the field of ensuring financial efficiency.