Orbital schwannomas are rare, presenting a rate of incidence between 1 and 5% of all orbital lesions. Their most common clinical symptoms are promoted by mass effect, such as orbital pain and proptosis. The best complementary exam is the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which shows low signal in T1, high signal in T2, and heterogeneous contrast enhancement. The treatment of choice is surgical, with adjuvant radiotherapy if complete resection is not possible. We report the case of a 24-year-old male patient with orbital pain and proptosis, without previous history of disease. The MRI showed a superior orbital lesion compatible with schwannoma, which was confirmed by biopsy after complete resection using a fronto-orbital approach.

We know Kocher's name as an anatomical reference in neurosurgery. In fact, Theodor Kocher was a Swiss general surgeon, and his contributions were such that Kocher was honored in 1909 with the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, and he was the first surgeon to receive this honor. Kocher participated in the initial scientific phase of medicine, living with names that are in history, as well as him; Langenbeck and Virchow, Lucke, Billroth, Horsley, Lister, Halstedt, Pasteur, Osler, Lawson Tait, Verneuil, and a long list and other icons of the time. The present account rescues the many important facets and contributions of the Swiss surgeon Theodor Kocher, and his relationship with several of them. Kocher's memory, surgical instruments and literary production are preserved in a small wing of the University of Bern. The present article highlights how intense Kocher's dedication to the medical field was.

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O hematoma extradural é uma comorbidade que se caracteriza pelo acúmulo de sangue entre a dura-máter e o osso. Representa entre 1-2% das lesões cerebrais por traumatismo craniano, apresentando uma taxa de mortalidade atual que varia entre 10 a 40%. Um paciente masculino de 54 anos foi admitido neste serviço com histórico de duas quedas, traumatismo cranioencefálico, queixa de alteração do nível de consciência, pupilas isofotorreagentes e sem déficits motores dimidiados. Na tomografia computadorizada de crânio foi observado um raro caso de hematoma extradural bilateral em região temporoparietal. A craniotomia bilateral com drenagem dos hematomas foi indicada, já que apresentavam volume maior que 30 ml e espessura maior que 2,5 cm. Paciente teve alta da unidade intensiva após 3 dias, mantendo quadro neurológico prévio à cirurgia. O hematoma extradural é uma emergência neurocirúrgica que apresentou grande alteração em sua taxa de mortalidade após advento da tomogafia. Esta patologia pode ser abordada de forma conservadora ou cirúrgica, dependendo de alguns parâmetros como: volume, desvio de linha média e espessura. A craniotomia ou craniectomia precoce estão relacionados a uma melhora da morbi-mortalidade do paciente.