This article discusses the state and developmental prospects of modern Russian elitology. Popular estimates of modern regional political elites provide an indicator reflecting the state of internal regional security. The analysis of the criteria of elitism, i.e., defining the set of personal and professional qualities of the people recruited into the elite, notes a discrepancy between the traditional meaning of elitism and the possession of real political power. The research of the features of the formation of the state elite in China has been done. The experience of the modernization of the American political elite ensuring the US withdrawal from the protracted social and economic crisis in the first half of the last century and the experience of the national elite reformatting in the South Korea, which was managed to bring the country out of a deep crisis in the postwar period was analyzed. This article is one of the first attempts to assess objectively the status and prospects of domestic elitology and regional elites in order to formulate recommendations for Russian elitologists.
This article describes a sociological analysis of the staffing issues in municipal territories. The sustainability and stability that have been ensured in recent years in almost all spheres of life are critical for Russia, which is a multinational country with a complex federative structure and diversity of cultures. The sustainability of the national economy has substantially increased, although many unsolved problems remain. The issues of an ineffective system of state and municipal governance due to employees’ low professional level and corruptness are among these. This research examines the effective staffing in the municipal territories between June and August 2017. The territories are those of the Russian Federation republics of Karachay-Cherkess, Karelia, and North Ossetia-Alania; the oblasts of Volgograd, Rostov, Moscow, Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Kurgan, and Chelyabinsk; and krais of Krasnodar and Stavropol. Methods involve a sociological survey to assess the effectiveness of local economic policies and the proficiency of local governing bodies in securing qualified managers who are capable of innovative development. The research focuses on the effectiveness of manager rotation in the local governing bodies in the municipalities. The purpose of the research is to reveal the main obstacles to forming a staffing reserve for solving new tasks relevant to the high competitiveness of the municipal territories. It also assesses the personal qualities required of the officials in these local governing bodies and the measures needed to effectively implement investment potential and increase municipal territory competitiveness. The paper concludes with a summary of trends needed to increase the effectiveness of the municipal staff in the surveyed regions of the Russian Federation. Among the main trends are increasing the qualifications of management staff, introducing an effective staff policy, procuring a reserve of staff with the necessary qualifications, implementing effective information coverage of staff policy in the region and the municipal territories to reduce the risk of corruption, and identifying ways to motivate staff using economic incentives.
The need to improve the efficiency of combating corruption presupposes an increase in the influence of ethical and moral norms on the observance of prohibitions, restrictions, and requirements established in order to counter corruption, as well as the development of additional mechanisms and tools for preventing corruption manifestations. Moreover, it is clearly not enough to legalize the norms of anti-corruption behaviour, through which law enforcement activities in this area could provide real results. Anti-corruption norms require not only legalization, but also legitimation, that is, recognition and support by citizens and society of this work as a whole. Only a combination of these two components can ensure an increase in the effectiveness of the prevention of corruption offenses in the Russian Federation. Legislative and law enforcement activities in the field of combating corruption systematically demonstrate not resistance, but a compromise, which negatively affects the authority of state bodies responsible for solving problems in the field of combating corruption, provokes legal nihilism among some citizens, disbelief in the goals and objectives declared by the anti-corruption policy.
This paper summarizes the development steps and measures taken for the upgrade of the GT11N2 Turbine. The main targets to be achieved were specified as follows: - GT power increase; - GT gross efficiency increase; - Flexible operation with respect to power output and service interval length. All 4 turbine stages were re-designed in order to optimize their aerodynamic performance and minimize cooling air consumption. Turbine aerodynamic efficiency improvement was achieved by means of: - Turbine stage-to-stage loading optimization; - 3D airfoil profiling; - Replacement of the damping bolt of blade 4 by a full shroud; - Stator/rotor sealing optimization. On top of that, cooling air consumption was reduced by means of cooling system optimization for Vane 1, Blade 1, Vane 2, Blade2 and SHS/A. This allowed an increase of TIT (inlet turbine mixed temperature) keeping the hot gas temperature at the turbine inlet unchanged, which is important for meeting lifetime and emission targets. One of the key requirements for this Turbine Upgrade was to use exclusively validated design approaches and design features as available from existing and proven Alstom Gas Turbines ([1], [2], [3]) in order to minimize development- and implementation risks. Manufacturing of the new turbine parts was completed in an exceptionally short time, thanks to a dedicated R&D Logistic and Manufacturing support/process, an efficient NCR (Non Conformance Report) process, early supplier involvement and a very close/open work with suppliers. The first prototype of this turbine was implemented in a GT11N2 customer engine. Performance validation runs, performed in May 2008 confirmed that the design targets for power and efficiency were fully met. The validation of the turbine parts lifetime is still ongoing.
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