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Biological active compounds, 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerols (AG), were isolated from liver oil of the squid Berryteuthis magister. The main components of the initial lipids were 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerols (38.50 %) and triacylglycerols (24.26 %). The first step of separation was the alkaline hydrolysis of oil to form a lipid mixture consisting of AG, free fatty acids and cholesterol. AG were separated by double recrystallization from acetone at -20 °C and 1 °C. A simple procedure is proposed for obtaining AG with a purity of 99.22 %, the main component of which is chimyl alcohol (94.39 %). Purity and structure of the obtained products were confirmed by GC and GC-MS technique. Isolated AG may be used in nutrition and cosmetics.

Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6 n-3) acids were extracted from processing wastes of the liver of the squid Berryteuthis magister. The process included three steps: concentration of the total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with urea; separation of individual FA by iodolactonization method, and obtainment of highly purified EPA and DHA by preparative HPLC. Concentration of the acids with urea was carried out at a ratio of urea/FA 3:1 at temperatures of 0 and À20°C, this allowed us to raise the concentration of EPA and DHA from 7.8 and 6.5% to 32.5 and 32.0%, respectively. The iodolactonization reaction was used to obtain from the concentrate individual preparations with concentrations of 93.4% for EPA and 95.6% for DHA; the total yields of the original FA were 50.7 and 41.7%, respectively. Differences in the rates of formation of gand d-iodolactones made a sequential extraction possible, first of DHA from the total PUFA, then of EPA from the remaining acids. Purification of the obtained PUFA products to more than 99% purity was conducted by preparative HPLC.Practical applications: The proposed three-step procedure for separating EPA and DHA is designed to produce n-3 PUFA concentrates and highly purified EPA and DHA. The obtained products can be recommended for scientific experiments in vitro.