The aim of the study is to increase the morphological and functional status of cows depending on their physiologi-cal state. The morphological composition of blood is one of the main informative systems and has long attracted the attention of researchers. Blood, as a co-single tissue, has been studied well enough. Its indicators are the main fac-tors in determining the state of an animal health, as well as pointing out the presence of pathological processes in inside the organism. To determine the effect of complex use of STEMB (embryonic stimulator) and Uteromastin on the blood parameters of cows in comparison with individual administration three groups of pregnant cows (7.0-8.0 months) were formed separately, each with 20 heads in compliance with the method of groups-analogues (experimental-1, experimental-2, experimental-3). Animals in groups to be examined were provided the same con-ditions both in feeding and keeping. Animals of the first experimental group 25-30 days before calving were admin-istered STEMB drug hypodermic in the neck at a dose of 0.075 ml per 1 kg of live weight with an interval of 7 days three times, animals of the second experimental group were administered the drug Uteromastin 8-10 hours after calving intrauterine at a dose of 150 ml once. Cows of the third experimental group were administered drugs STEMB and Uteromastin in these doses (mixed). The influence of the complex use of drugs STEMB and Utero-mastin on morphological, biochemical and immunobiological parameters of blood of cows were studied on the 15th day after calving. The use of the drugs STEMB and Pteromalid complex improves cellular composition of the blood and indices of the blood serum, which enhances immunotoxicol system of organism of cows.
The aim of the study was to determine the etiopathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in highly productive cows. Studies were conducted on cows of black-motley breed, aged 3–5 lactations, with a live weight of 480–520 kg. Cows were divided into two groups. The first group included 20 cows effective inseminated after the first insemination. The second group included 17 cows that did not fertilize after the first insemination. Blood samples (n = 253) were taken from 4–7; 14–17; 24–34; 35–50; 88–95; 195–210 days of pregnancy; during the beginning of dry period (DP); 1–4 days before calving and on the first day after calving. The content of total serum lipids in pregnant animals was 15.8% higher compared to unfertilized animals. In non-pregnant cows, a decrease in free cholesterol (by 28.65%), especially in its ether-bound fraction (14.91%), indicates a lower synthetic function of the liver, which is confirmed by the low serum levels of vitamins A and E (a difference of 11.3 and 23.65%). The DP was characterized by a significant increase in the products of lipid peroxidation - malondialdehyde by 12–17%, diene and triene conjugates - by 10–15 and 8–15%, respectively, and 1–4 days before calving in cows, which subsequently had a pathological calving, in particular - retention of placenta (5 cows), were characterized by an increased content in the blood plasma of lipid peroxidation products. Thus, the difference in the number of dienes, trienes, and malondialdehyde products was 14.0, 12.0, and 23.5%, compared with animals without obstetric pathology. On the first day after calving, this difference increased even more. Cows with retention of placenta had a significantly higher level of lipid peroxidation products and were characterized by a predominance of oxidized products over the antiradical thiol disulfide and ascorbate systems restored in the antioxidant balance.
The aim was to study efficiency of Azoxivet (azoximer bromid) for prevention of cows’ postnatal diseases and indirect influence on calves’ growth. Groups of pregnant Holstein cows (> 6000 kg per lactation) were formed (G1,G2,G3). Cows of G1 (n = 20) received Azoxivet intramuscularly once at 7 days prior to expected date of calving at a dose 24 mg. G2 (n = 20) - 24 mg at 14 and 7 days prior to expected date of calving. G3 (n = 20) was control. Single application of Azoxivet at 7 days prior to calving doesn’t lead to lowering trouble of postnatal endometritis: this disease was registered at 60% cows of G1 and 65% cows of G3. In G2, endometritis was recorded only at 40% of animals. The density of the colostrum in of G1 and G2 was varied: 1060.0±3.1-1063.0±2.9 kg/m3, which exceeded the indicator of the G3 by 13–16 kg/m3 (P < 0.05). There was increased amount of whey proteins in colostrum obtained from cows of G1 and G2: the differences were 6.4% and 19.2% (P < 0.05). In the G3 it was 220.5 ± 12.6 g/l. The amount of total immunoglobulins in the colostrum in G1 was 159.7 ± 9.6 g/l, in G2 - 180.6 ± 4.0 g/l, that was higher than in the G 3 by 35.0% (P < 0.05). The incidence of calves received from cows of G1 and G2 was lower than 15%, than G3, and the safety to the 2-month age was 90–95% against 85% in G3. The average alive mass of 1 calf in G3 was 77.5±1.6 kg that was lower than in G1 by 5.7% (P < 0.05), in G2 – by 9.6% (P < 0.01). The mediated immune-correction with Azoxivet through the system of fetus-mother allows to reduce incidence, to increase viability of calves in the first 2 months of life.
The research was aimed at determining the optimal dosage of "STEMB" (Embryonic Stimulant) for preventing delivery and postnatal complications, for which purpose 4 groups of 20 cows in each were formed. During the experiment, the animals in the studied groups were in similar feeding and keeping conditions, dry matter in the diet amounted to 44.95%. The animals in the experimental groups received "STEMB" subcutaneously three times in the 30 days period before delivery with the interval of 7 days in the following dosages: the first experimental group received 0.05 ml per 1 kg of live weight; the second experimental group received 0.075 ml per 1 kg of live weight; the third experimental group received 0.10 ml per 1 kg of live weight; the cows in the reference group did not receive the preparation. It has been determined that the dosage of "STEMB" equal to 0.075 ml per 1 kg of live weight prevents postpartum complications, shortens the labor and the postpartum period. The obtained data may be used for developing the reference criteria of using "STEMB" for correcting the reproductive function and preventing complications during delivery and postnatal complications.
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