Purpose: the search of the effective means of aquafitness for the correction of the functional state of women in the age of 35-45. Materials and methods: 1) theoretical analysis and consolidation of data of the scientific and methodological literature; 2) estimation techniques of the morphofunctional state; 3) bioimpedance analysis; 4) pedagogical testing; 5) expert assessment; 6) questionnaire survey; 7) pedagogical experiment; 8) methods of the mathematical statistics. Results: the experiment was implemented from 2016 to 2019. 256 women, who were just starting to do aquafitness, took part in it. They were subdivided into two groups: control group (128 women) and experimental group (128 women). Examinees of the control group had 40-minute workout 3 times per week: twice a week-aqua aerobics and once-swimming. Examinees of the experimental group did aquafitness 3 times per week for 40 minutes according to our developed method of integrated use of aquafitness means. Unique water workout programs, nutritional recommendations and its control were developed for the experimental group. The aquafitness' effective means were combined by us in 9 workout programs, which were distributed throughout training courses of the women in the age of 35-45. Conclusion: During the pedagogical experiment, the effectiveness of the author's method was established, which was expressed by more significant positive changes in the results in the experimental group compared to the control group in terms of functional status, fat and muscle components of the body.
Purpose: to devise and prove experimentally a method of objective dosing of training exercises in the development of special endurance among young athletes in crosscountry skiing. Materials and methods: the study involved crosscountry skiers (15-17-year-old boys). The experiment took place on the basis of the Children's and Youth Sports School (Yakhroma, Russia). The experimental group used the special programs for the development of special endurance along with the generally accepted method. All microcycles in the one-year training cycle were divided into two types: containing special training exercises aimed at developing special endurance and not containing any, as a means of general physical training. Studies of the functional state of athletes were carried out using the diagnostic complex «Omega Standard». Results: the athletes of experimental group have significantly higher levels of special endurance. There was a distinct increase in results. Besides, the favourable changes of physiological parameters in the experimental group were proved such as: maximum oxygen consumption (ml/min/kg) from the beginning of the preparatory period to the end of this period increased by 2.8%, it was noted a significant slowing of the heart rate and an increase in stroke volume at rest. Conclusions: in the content of training exercises aimed at developing special endurance in the micro, meso and macrocycle training of crosscountry skiers aged 15-17 yr., three variants of microcycles are identified (developing, supporting, restoring). The content of the first two may vary according to the predominant orientation of the training exercise on the basic factor (critical aerobic speed) and the main factors of special endurance (speed and stayer endurance).
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