No abstract

Cornelian cherry is an important resource for human health and nutrition. Cornelian cherry is very rich in contains many mineral substances such as vitamin C. For this reason, it is important that cornelian cherry can be dried and used later. This was studied investigated the rehydration capacity and the kinetics of dried cornelian cherry fruit under certain conditions. Drying was carried out in a thin layer using a convective dryer. The drying conditions were determined as the different temperatures of air (50, 60, and 70°C) and the constant velocity of air of 1 m/s. The rehydration experiments of dried cornelian cherry were actualized in a hot water bath with a water circulator. The experiments were made with rehydration water temperatures of 25, 50, and 75°C. The rehydration characterization of dried cornelian cherry was evaluated in terms of rehydration curves, rehydration rate curves, final moisture content, and rehydration coefficient (COR). Fick’s 2nd law was employed to determine the coefficients of effective diffusivity of the rehydration process. The kinetics models of Peleg, the Weibull, the first-order, and the exponential were used to determine the kinetics of rehydration. The model of Weibull was determined to be the most suitable model for investigating the kinetics of rehydration of cornelian cherry samples. The Model fit was evaluated by considering statistical parameters such as R2, χ2, RMSE, and P%. In addition, the energy of activation of rehydration was figured with the rate constants of the most suitable models.

Drying is the process of removing water or other liquids from materials. However, drying is commonly used to remove water from food by thermal methods. Drying technology is a combination of transport phenomena and material science. Knowing the mass and heat transfer properties and the energy for the drying process is very important in terms of controlling and improving the process. In the present study, the effects of experimental parameters such as the temperature and velocity of air on mass and heat transfer coefficients, consumption and efficiency of energy in the dehydration of cornelian cherry were investigated. The cornelian cherry fruit was dried in a single layer in a dryer as convective at three different values (50, 60 and 70°C) of air temperatures and three different values (0.4, 0.7 and 1.0 m/s) of air velocities. The effective diffusivity values of moisture (Deff), coefficient of mass transfer (k), and Bi number were calculated using Dincer and Dost analytical approach. The heat capacity, thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity are calculated as a function of moisture content. The convective heat and mass transfer coefficients were determined using engineering correlations and the Chilton-Colburn analogy. The consumption and efficiency of energy, thermal efficiency, and the efficiency of drying were analyzed for all experimental conditions.

Clothing fabrics go through a series of stages before production stage. Many processes such as bleaching, dyeing, etc. are made with various chemicals. These chemicals must finally be removed from the product by washing. However, it is not possible to completely eliminate some chemicals from the surface. Surfaces on textile that are harmful to health when in contact with skin are at risk in terms of cloth production. In particular, the surfaces used in baby and child outfits should be examined more rigorously. Within the context of "Textile Ecology", harmful chemicals used in clothing production, especially in the last 20 years, have been reduced as much as possible and acceptable limit values have been determined. Therefore, it is expected that the fabrics to be used in baby clothes are subjected to various tests and their compliance with the limit values is examined. Baby skin has a much thinner, less sturdy and delicate feature than adults. For this reason, it is important that the materials used in baby products should not have any risk factors for health. It is desired that the model and material properties must be composed of materials that do not irritate the skin, give a feeling of comfort, and do not trigger allergic disorders. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to give general information about Oeko-Tex and ecological textile issue, to research the test standards should be infants clothing under 3 years from past to present and to see the rates that can damage the skin and health.