Nowadays the general relevance of alcohol consumption in diabetes is
extremely controversial. There are recent reports that alcohol consumption
could result in a decreased incidence of diabetes, as well as other studies
demonstrating a positive association between alcohol consumption and type 2
diabetes; there are also reports arguing for an inverse association between
the two or for no correlation at all. The different results obtained in these
studies could be explained by the existence of several confounders that could
influence the outcome of the aforementioned studies. In this paper, we
studied the possible relevance of BMI as a confounder in the relationship
between alcohol consumption in diabetes and cognitive function, by analyzing
the correlations between BMI values in diabetic patients with different
alcohol drinking patterns and the subdomains from some main psychometric
tests, such as MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MOCA (Montreal
Cognitive Assessment). Our results provide evidence for BMI as a possible
confounder of the relationship between alcohol consumption in diabetes and
cognitive function. We found a significant increase (p<0.0001) in BMI values
in patients with diabetes compared to our control group. Most importantly,
significant correlations between BMI parameters in alcohol-consuming diabetic
patients and most of the subdomains for psychometric testing.
Several trace elements, including manganese (Mn), affect the cardiovascular
system and are implicated in some cardiovascular disease mechanisms. The
effects of Mn on the vascular system, such as in the control of blood flow
and blood pressure, are not completely understood. Thus, the main objective
of the present study was to determine the effects of a 45-day exposure to two
different doses of Mn on blood pressure values of male Wistar rats. Our
results showed a significant time effect (p<0.001, ANOVA, repeated measures)
on the values of blood pressure measurements during 45 days of Mn treatment
of rats with two doses (3 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day). Additionally, we
observed significant differences in the values of blood pressure
measurements, especially on days 2 (p<0.001), 9 (p<0.05), 24 (p<0.05), 28
(p<0.01) and 43 (p<0.05). Further studies are necessary in order to establish
the mechanism and relevance of Mn in this area of research. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ABS161021104E">10.2298/ABS161021104E</a><u></b></font>
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