In this paper, we compare the pandemic management performance of 22 countries that belong to the middle-high income class based on criteria including the pandemic data, population characteristics, and health system capacity. The management of the COVID-19 pandemic requires considering many and often conflicting aspects at the same time which necessitates an MCDM approach. We use a standard deviation (SDV) based range of value (ROV) method which coincides with the black-box nature of the disease. The weights obtained from the SDV method reveal that the number of COVID-19 deaths, current health expenditure, and deaths due to cardiovascular diseases are the most important criteria. The ROV method indicates that most Asian countries are ranked in higher positions due to their strong healthcare systems and quick implementation of social distancing rules. The lowest performances belong to Bulgaria, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. They have experienced an elevated number of deaths due to having an elderly population and inefficient usage of healthcare resources. We also show that extreme poverty is an important determinant of country performance. In countries where poverty is higher, as the case with Indonesia, implementing the social distancing rules becomes almost impossible which affects the overall country performance significantly.
Bu çalışmada 26 Avrupa ülkesinin 2010-2014 dönemindeki sağlık göstergeleri kullanılarak sıralaması TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğumda beklenen yaşam süresi, gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın yüzdesi olarak sağlık harcamaları, kişi başı sağlık harcamaları, 100.000 kişi başına hasta yatağı sayısı, toplam doğurganlık oranı, 1000 canlı doğum başına bebek ölüm oranı ve 100.000 kişi başına hekim sayısı sağlık göstergeleri olarak çalışmada incelenmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde incelenen sağlık göstergeleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilen Avrupa ülkelerinin sıralaması yapılmıştır ve Norveç, Lüksemburg, Avusturya, İsveç ve Almanya'nın bu sıralamada ilk sıralarda yer aldıkları görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın ülkelerin sağlık politikalarının oluşturulması sürecine katkı sağlayacağı beklenmektedir.
This paper tries to determine the most vulnerable points of highincome countries during the Covid-19 pandemic in an MCDM setting. For this aim, we use the entropy method to obtain criteria weights and the PIV method for the comparisons. We employ a wide range of criteria that account for political, demographic, capacity, and Covid-19 indicators including vaccination. Our sample consists of 40 HICs. The results reveal that countries with less equitable healthcare systems and with more vaccine hesitancy are more vulnerable to Covid-19. Hospital bed capacity, a strict government policy, and a lower percentage of the population who smoke add to the success of countries in this combat. We compare our findings with SAW and MAUT techniques as well and obtain very similar rankings. Therefore, we conclude that the PIV method can be used for national performance evaluations with a reduced rank reversal problem and computational simplicity.
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