Few data are available about hydatid cysts in patients with malignancy; however, these have rarely been described in association with leukemia. The purpose of this report was to present an unusual case of coexisting leukemia and pulmonary hydatid cysts.This study presented a 13-year-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia who was diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary hydatid cysts after the completion of chemotherapy and successfully treated with surgery and albendazole. Managing hydatid cysts in patients with leukemia is difficult, and these individuals are also at risk of developing ruptured and infected cysts during chemotherapy. Based on our experience with this case, an oncologist could postpone surgery until the chemotherapy was completed and begin albendazole if hydatid cysts were detected.
Human Rhinovirus (HRV) is one of the most common pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in infants and children. Several reports suggest that HRV has the potential to cause chronic infection after an acute viral infection in an immunosuppressed patient. Although chronic HRV infection has been reported in lung transplant recipients, patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and cystic fibrosis, the duration and severity of HRV infection remain unclear. In this study, we present a case of persistent HRV infection in a stem cell transplanted leukemia patient. This report raises several questions regarding the risk factors, duration, and severity of persistent HRV infection in acute leukemia patients, which warrants prospective and longitudinal studies.
Insulin resistance (IR) develops in obese children because of low vitamin levels and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.This study aimed to analyze the relation between vitamin D, insulin resistance, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6 (IL-6)levels at admission and after weight loss. This study included 84 obese and 28 healthy pubertal children. Patient group was dividedinto four: IR positive and negative; weight loss (WL) positive and negative. Baseline and follow-up (6th month) values of serum25-hydroxyvitamin D and other parameters were evaluated. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were3.6% and 21.4% in the control group, 15.2% and 10.9% and 7.9% and 15.8% in the obese insulin positive and negative group;respectively. There was no relationship between vitamin D and IRand IL-6 levels, whereas cytokine levels were lower in obesechildren. As WL increased, vitamin D level and IR improved. No significant difference was found between vitamin D levels of obeseand control subjects. In obese children with weight loss, an insignificant increase was observed in vitamin D, cytokines, quantitativeinsulin sensitivity check index values and an insignificant decrease was noted in homeostatic model assessment for IR value.Further longitudinal studies with larger patient series with greater WL are warranted.
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