Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the treated and untreated severe early childhood caries (ECC) in children would make any impact on the Permanent First Molar (PFM) decays. Materials and Methods: Our descriptive epidemiological study was conducted in Ataturk University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry/Erzurum-Turkey, between 2011 and 2017. We included a total of 90 children (44 girls, 46 boys), and divided them into 3 equal groups. They were 6–9 years old with a mean age of 7.38 ± 0.89. Group 1 consisted of the patients who had previously been treated under GA, Group 2 included the patients with untreated ECC and with no previous dental treatment, and Group 3 consisted of the patients who had been periodically treated in normal clinical settings. Each patient was processed through; dmft scoring and PFM caries evaluation process in accordance with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), respectively. The obtained data was analyzed with SPSS v20.0. And also, we used One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. Results: In accordance with ICDAS, we found that Group 3 had the highest mean number of PFMs (2 ± 1.43) and Group 2 had the lowest (1.43 ± 1.45). In Group 2, the number of ICDAS-determined carious PFMs were significantly lower than the other groups ( p < 0.05). However, ICDAS score 6 was 0 in Group 1, while it was determined higher as 4.2% in Group 2. Conclusion: In respect to our research outcomes, which revealed that regardless of treated or not severe ECC had a significant impact on the PFMs, we strongly recommend that the parent of the children experiencing ECC should be informed about the risk of future caries in PFMs.

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare to fracture resistance test of inlay restorations prepared using direct inlay technique (Gradia® Direct Composite) and Indirect Restoration System® (Gradia Indirect Composite) and CAD/CAD system (Vita Enamic® Block). Study Design. 48 noncarious extracted maxillary second primary molars were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 in each group. All the teeth were prepared based on inlay class II preparations except for the control group. Other groups were restored with Gradia Direct Composite, Gradia Indirect Composite, and Vita Enamic Block, respectively. All restorations were cemented self-adhesive dual cure resin (3M Espe, RelyX™ Unicem Aplicap). A fracture test was performed using a compressive load. Results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's post hoc multiple comparison tests (α = 0.05). Results. Vita Enamic Block and Gradia Indirect Composite showed significantly higher fracture resistance than Gradia Direct Composite (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference fracture resistance between Vita Enamic Block and Gradia Indirect Composite (p > 0.05). All restorations tested led to a significant reduction in fracture resistance (p < 0.05). Conclusion. In inlay restorations, Indirect Restoration Systems and CAD/CAM systems were applied successfully together with the self-adhesive dual cure resin cements in primary molars.

Objectives: Optimal restoration of endodontically treated teeth is very important for the durability of the endodontic treatment. The focus of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength and microleakage of composite endocrowns compared with Class II composite restorations in endodontically treated primary molar teeth. Materials and Methods: 48 extracted second primary molars were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (control): teeth with Class II and endodontic access cavities restored with G-aenial composite; group 2: endocrown restorations with G-aenial composite. After completing restorative procedures, teeth were subjected to thermal cycling (500 cycles). Compressive loading was applied to half of the samples, although the other half were immersed in 0.5% basic fucsin solution for 24 h, sectioned, and examined for dye penetration under stereomicroscope. Data were subjected to statistical analysis by the Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.05). Results: The fracture strength of endocrowns (1741 ± 379.35 N) was significantly higher than that of the control group (1126.5 ± 405.39 N) ( P < .05). No statistical difference was found in microleakage between the 2 groups ( P > .05). Conclusion: Endocrown preparation increases the fracture strength of the final composite restoration when used in primary molar teeth. Composite endocrown restorations can be a practical and an esthetic option for restoring endodontically treated primary molar teeth.

The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths (SBS), failure modes (adhesive, cohesive, or mixed), and marginal microleakage occurrence of conventional resin (CR)-based, glass ionomer (GI)-based, and self-adhesive resin (SAR)-based fissure sealants with or without prior phosphoric acid (PA) etching. Fifty extracted premolars were randomly and equally assigned into five groups -G1:PA+CR, G2:PA+GI, G3:GI, G4:PA+SAR, and G5:SAR. Prior PA etching significantly (p<0.05) increased the SBSs of sealants. Adhesive failure mainly occurred in teeth treated with SAR-or GI-based fissure sealants, and cohesive failure mainly occurred in PA-etched teeth. Microleakage occurrence differed significantly (p<0.05) among the five groups of treated teeth. We concluded that conditioning of a tooth's enamel surface is crucial to creating strong bonds and leak-free sealing between tooth and fissure sealant.

Bu çalıĢmada, Biodentine ® 'in üç farklı çeĢitteki dentin bağlayıcı ajan (total etch, tek ve iki aĢamalı selfetch adeziv sistemler) kullanılarak bir nanohibrit kompozit rezine ve bir kompomere olan bağlanma dayanımı değerlendirilmiĢtir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Doksan adet akrilik blok oluĢturuldu ve bu bloklarda her birinde çapı 4 mm, derinliği 2 mm olan boĢluklar oluĢturuldu. Bütün boĢluklar Biodentine ® 'le dolduruldu. Örnekler 6 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1'de Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Clearfil SE Bond ® ile kompomer; Grup 2'de Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Prime&Bond NT ® ile kompomer; Grup 3'de Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Clearfil Universal Bond ® ile kompomer; Grup 4'de Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Clearfil SE Bond ® ile kompozit; Grup 5'de Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Prime&Bond NT ® ile kompozit; Grup 6'da Biodentine ® 'in üzerine Clearfil Universal Bond ® ile kompozit uygulandı. Bağlanma dayanımı universal test cihazıyla belirlendi ve baĢarısızlığa uğramıĢ yüzeyler steromikroskopla incelendi. Veriler iki yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey Çoklu KarĢılaĢtırma testleriyle analiz edildi (= 0.05). Bulgular: Kompozit rezinin biodentine bağlanma dayanımı kompomerden daha yüksek olarak bulunmuĢtur(p<0.05). Ġki aĢamalı self-etch adeziv system, her restoratif materyal için diğer adezivlerden daha yüksek bağlanma dayanımı göstermiĢtir (p<0.05). Biodentine ® en yüksek bağlanma dayanımı (14.10±2.83 MPa) G-4'den (kompozit ile Clearfil SE Bond ®) ve en düĢük bağlanma dayanımı (8.25±0.97 MPa) G-2'den (kompomer ile Prime&Bond NT ®) edilmiĢtir. Sonuç: Biodentine ® 'in bağlanma dayanımı kullanılan bağlayıcı ajan ve restoratif materyalin tipinden etkilen-miĢtir. Farklı çeĢitteki bağlayıcı ajanlarla uygulanan kompozit rezin, Biodentine ® kompomerden yüksek bağlanma dayanımı göstermiĢtir. Ġlaveten, iki aĢamalı self-etch adeziv sistem hem kompomer hem de kompozit rezinle uygulandığında Biodentine ® yüksek bağlanma dayanımı elde edilmiĢtir.

Aim: Due to the common nature of oral and dental problems, awareness needs to be improved, expanded, and maintained. The aim of this study was to determine the oral and dental health knowledge levels of students, many of who would be teachers of the future, in this health field, and to help them work toward the elimination of the identified deficiencies. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 475 students from the Erzurum Ataturk University dentistry, medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, nursing, and education faculties. Data were collected through a questionnaire by random stratified technique, investigating participants’ demographic characteristics and oral health knowledge levels. Results: We observed that 77.3% of students correctly answered 15 or more out of 31 questions addressing levels of knowledge of oral and dental health. This figure was 100% for students in the dentistry faculty and 56.3% for those in the education faculty. The difference between faculties in terms of students correctly answering 15 or more questions was statistically significant ( P < .001). A statistically significant difference was also determined between the faculties in terms of students’ sense of competence in oral and dental subjects ( P < .001). Conclusion: In the light of the data obtained, since prospective health care professionals and teachers both play an important role in raising public awareness, we recommend that a basic oral health course be introduced into the curricula of the relevant faculties.

Background: Dental caries is a chronic, infectious and preventable disease that is very common around the world. It has been observed that dental caries affect not only the majority of adults but also 60% to 90% of children. Permanent first molars (PFM) are the most commonly decayed teeth observed in children. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the decayed, missing filled teeth (DMFT) scores of PFMs in the early post-eruptive stage, within the scope of the United Nations Agenda for 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, thereby raising awareness for the prevention and treatment of permanent tooth decay. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in Erzurum between the years 2015–2016 by collecting data from children aged 7–10 years (17,208). In addition to the decayed, filled and missing data of the students’ 6-year-molars, their ages, genders, frequencies of both tooth brushing and dental office visits were evaluated. The relationship between the variables was analyzed with chi-square. Result: The present study analyzed the data of a total of 11,457 children, 5704 girls and 5753 boys with a mean age of 8.74 ± 1.18. There was a statistically significant difference between the PFMs 16, 26, 36 and 46 regarding the number of healthy, decayed, missing and restored teeth (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of caries in the PFMs of children aged 7–10 years was 15.9% and the mean DMFT was 0.79 ± 1.39. This result showed that PFMs might develop carious lesions and even be lost within three years in the early post-eruptive stage.

KID syndrome is a rare genodermatosis characterized by keratitis, ichthyosis, and sensorineural deafness. Although the dermatological, ophthalmologic, and sensorineural defects are emphasized in the literature, oral and dental evaluations are so superficial. In this case report, dental and oral symptoms of a three year and five months old boy with KID syndrome, suffering severe Early Childhood Caries (s-ECC) and dental treatments done under General Anesthesia (GA) were reported.