The flexible/shape-versatile bipolar all-solid-state LIBs, which fabricated via solvent-drying-free, UV-curing-assisted multistage printing, are presented as an unprecedented material/process strategy to address longstanding challenges associated with inorganic-electrolyte-based bipolar LIBs.
Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) have garnered considerable attention as a promising power source for microelectronics and miniaturized portable/wearable devices. However, their practical application has been hindered by the manufacturing complexity and dimensional limits. Here, we develop a new class of ultrahigh areal number density solid-state MSCs (UHD SS–MSCs) on a chip via electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to exploit EHD jet printing in the MSCs. The activated carbon-based electrode inks are EHD jet-printed, creating interdigitated electrodes with fine feature sizes. Subsequently, a drying-free, ultraviolet-cured solid-state gel electrolyte is introduced to ensure electrochemical isolation between the SS–MSCs, enabling dense SS–MSC integration with on-demand (in-series/in-parallel) cell connection on a chip. The resulting on-chip UHD SS–MSCs exhibit exceptional areal number density [36 unit cells integrated on a chip (area = 8.0 mm × 8.2 mm), 54.9 cells cm−2] and areal operating voltage (65.9 V cm−2).
Electronic garments have garnered considerable attention as a core technology for the upcoming wearable electronics era. To enable ubiquitous operation of electronic garments, they must be monolithically integrated with rechargeable power sources. Here, inspired by printing‐assisted aesthetic clothing designs, a new class of wearable supercapacitors (SCs) is demonstrated that can be directly printed on T‐shirts, which look like letters (or symbols) commonly printed on T‐shirts. The printed SCs consist of activated carbon/multiwalled carbon nanotube/ionic liquid‐based electrodes and ionic liquid/thiol‐ene polymer network skeleton/SiO2 nanoparticle‐based gel electrolytes. The rheological properties of the electrode/electrolyte pastes are fine‐tuned by varying the colloidal network structure, which affects the printing processability and formation of the nanoscale ion/electron conduction channels. To ensure the seamless unitization and design versatility of the printed SCs, the T‐shirt is sewn with electroconductive stainless steel (SS) threads prior to the printing process. Onto the SS threads acting as shape‐directing current collectors, the electrode/electrolyte pastes are sequentially stencil‐printed and sealed with water‐proof packaging films. The printed SCs exhibit exceptional form factors, flexibility, and thermal stability. Notably, the SC‐printed T‐shirts maintain their electrochemical activity upon exposure to laundering, wringing, ironing, and folding, demonstrating their potential and practical applicability as a promising electronic garment technology.
DNA-directed amphiphilic self-assembly is presented as a new class of a chemifunctional/multiscale-structuring strategy and its potential application to Li–S cathode was explored.
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