Polyurethane foams were prepared using starch as a main component of polyols and their structural, mechanical, and absorbing properties for organic solvents were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that urethane linkage was formed by the reactions between À ÀNCO of diisocyanates and À ÀOH of polyols. When polyurethane foams were prepared at high molar ratio of À ÀNCO/À ÀOH, the unreacted À ÀNCO groups were detected. Also, urea linkage was formed by the reaction between diisocyanate and water, which was used as the foaming agent. The micrographs showed that the polyurethane foams had closed-cell structure, of which the cell size increased with À ÀNCO/À ÀOH molar ratio. The density of polyurethane foams increased with molecular weight of polyethylene glycol. The compressive moduli of polyurethane foams increased with À ÀNCO/À ÀOH molar ratio. Polyurethane foams prepared using toluene-2,4-diisocyanate as diisocyanate had the highest modulus, while those prepared using hexamethylene diisocyanate had the lowest modulus. In case of the absorbency for the organic solvents, the polyurethane foams prepared at À ÀNCO/À ÀOH molar ratio of 0.8 had the maximum absorbency. Among several organic solvents, the absorbency for dimethyl sulfoxide was the highest, while the absorbency for tetrahydrofuran was the lowest.

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By adding short-range wireless communication function such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to the last vehicle in conjunction with a smart phone, a modern automobile is becoming entertainment screen to determine a variety of information such as car location information, diagnosis information, etc. through the ECU vehicle electronic control unit. In this study, by utilizing short-range communications capability of the on-board diagnostic devices and smart phones in association with the on-board diagnostics, compatibility tests among a number of smart phone models, Bluetooth and NFC(Near Field Communication) were carried out and those results were analyzed. Furthermore, composition of on-board diagnostic device having Bluetooth and NFC interface function and the fault diagnosis function were implemented, and fault diagnosis debugging program was developed. In addition, fault diagnosis data of the vehicle via the OBD-II interface was extracted. Finally, the on-board diagnostics CAN Protocol implementation has been proposed, and the results of work was analyzed.