Completely abdominal ISR may be feasible in the treatment of LRC, based on a short-term study. Furthermore, RA ISR had equivalent oncological outcomes and slightly improved functional recovery relative to open ISR.
Compared with uLAR without ISR, the transabdominal ISR with levator-sphincter reinforcement provides a safe resection plane with competent CRM, concurrently reduces substantial complications, and marginally promotes recovery of neorectal function.
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