ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) polymorphisms on the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) in women with osteoporosis.MethodsA total of 125 patients taking bisphosphonates was evaluated the relationship between MRONJ occurrence and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ESR1. Clinical information was collected, including current age, treatment duration, and comorbidity. Univariate and Multivariable regression analyzes were performed to evaluate the independent predictive factors for MRONJ occurrence. Predictive models were constructed using machine learning methods such as Lasso regression, Random forest (RF), and Support vector machine (SVM). The area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the performance of a binary classifier.ResultTwo SNPs of ESR1 (rs4870056 and rs78177662) were significantly associated with MRONJ development. Patients with variant allele (A) of rs4870056 showed 2.45 times (95% CI, 1.03–5.87) the odds of MRONJ occurrence compared to those with wild-type homozygote (GG) after adjusting covariates. Additionally, carriers with variant allele (T) of rs78177662 had higher odds than those with wild-type homozygote (CC) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.64, 95% CI, 1.00–6.94). Among demographic variables, age ≥ 72 years (aOR, 3.98, 95% CI, 1.60–9.87) and bisphosphonate exposure ≥48 months (aOR, 3.16, 95% CI, 1.26–7.93) were also significant risk factors for MRONJ occurrence. AUROC values of machine learning methods ranged between 0.756–0.806 in the study.ConclusionOur study showed that the MRONJ occurrence was associated with ESR1 polymorphisms in osteoporotic women.
Review question / Objective: To compare the risk of stroke/systemic embolism (S/SE), mortality and bleeding in AF patients with reduced-dose DOACs. Rationale: Although each DOAC has its dose reduction criteria, many physicians still prefer to prescribe the reduced-dose DOACs, regardless of label adherence. However, inappropriate administration of DOACs is an important clinical problem because patients may not benefit from the recommended DOAC dose to prevent stroke and systemic embolism. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the risk of stroke/systemic embolism (S/SE) and mortality in AF patients with reduced-dose DOACs. Condition being studied: Adult patients with AF taking DOACs or Warfarin.
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