In the present manuscript, an attempt has been made to remove chromium metal ions from synthetic effluent using adsorption process. The synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles were used as adsorbents. Adsorption studies were performed in batch process. Various characterization of synthesized nanoparticles such as XRD analysis, optical properties of nanoparticles using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, concentration of chemical bonds, and atomic arrangement using (FTIR) have been performed and analyzed. The dependency of adsorption percentage of metal ions and equilibrium amount of metal adsorbed with respect to pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and temperature are studied. Mechanisms of metal ion adsorption process explained by various adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetic models. The criteria for statistical significance of correlation coefficient (
R
2
) for fitting the experimental data to the various isotherms were tested and analyzed. The experimental results reveal that synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles could be used as adsorbents in order to remove chromium ions present in industrial wastewater.
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are substances that have been detected in water but have not been thoroughly tested or regulated. Pesticides, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other medications are examples of compounds in this category. Even at low quantities, these pollutants can harm human health and the environment; therefore, avoiding them is critical. The consequences of EC pollution on the endocrine, hormonal, and genetic systems are causing significant concern. Even with current best practices and available technology, it is difficult to totally eliminate ECs from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants. Adsorption has been the method of choice for EC removal since it is less costly, more effective, and easier to use. To treat ECs, newer generation nanoadsorbents are employed. Adsorption was greatly enhanced by functional changes to the adsorbent surface. Carbon nanostructures are widely used as adsorbents because of their outstanding surface properties, adaptability, large surface area, adjustable structural changes, and high chemical stability. This review reviews and examines recent research on the production and use of carbon-based nanoadsorbents. The emphasis is on carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphene-derived adsorbents. It is being investigated if these adsorbents can be used to extract hormone-disrupting chemicals and other emerging pollutants. The sources and classification of these pollutants, treatment knowledge gaps, and novel prospects for increasing carbonaceous nanoadsorbent utilization were all explored. The environmental and health problems associated with EC use are also studied.
Plastics play a significant part in human life and the world we live in. The use of plastics results in detrimental effects on the natural world, which compels us to look for viable replacements. As a result of their enhanced capacity to biodegrade, bioplastics are becoming increasingly important materials. In recent years, there has been a rapid ascent in the utilization of biopolymers in various applications. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact that silica obtained from rice hull ash (RHA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from groundnut husk have on the properties of bioplastic obtained from wheat gluten and fish scales. The usage of fish scales has been shown to have a positive effect on weight reduction and debasement rates. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is utilized in a wide range of concentrations, and the influence of MCC on bioplastic is researched. The biodegradability tests of bioplastic revealed that the plastic lost 35% of its weight in just 14 days. The experiments that were done to evaluate the chemical stability and tensile strength of the bioplastic indicated that the MCC content has a significant effect in improving the characteristics of the material.
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